Genetics 1
The physical characteristics of an organism.
What is phenotype?
This gene always shows is self over a recessive gene
What is a dominant gene?
All human cells contain _________ chromosomes
What is 46?
Organized display of an organism's chromosomes.
What is karyotype?
a capital letter represents what type of trait?
What is a dominant trait?
Give the mRNA strand for the following DNA molecule.
TTC AGC AAG TGC
AAG UCG UUC ACG
This describes two of the same copies of a gene
What is homozygous?
Enzyme in charge of unzipping the DNA and building RNA during transcription
holds chromatids together
what is the centromere?
Heterozygous parents are crossed. What percent of offspring will be homozygous dominant?
What is 25%?
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
This describes different alleles for the same trait.
what is heterozygous?
The process by which DNA is duplicated
What is replication?
Where are chromosomes located?
What is the nucleus?
What percent of the offspring of a cross of heterozygous parents will be homozygous?
What is 50%?
Chromosomes are made up of _______.
What is DNA?
A model that shows possible gene combinations.
What is a Punnett square?
During replication, DNA makes an ________ copy of itself.
What is identical?
genes of a trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
What is a recessive gene?
What percent of the offspring of a cross of heterozygous parents will be heterozygous?
What is 50%?
Sequence of nucleotides in DNA.
Gene
What is the complementary DNA strand for the following.
TAG CAT GTT CAA
ATC GTA CAA GTT
One of two or more forms of a particular gene
What is an allele?
What percentage of two homozygous parents will be heterozygous?
What is zero percent?
What percent of the offspring of heterozygous parents will be homozygous?
What is 50%
The flow of information in genetics
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Carries instructions for making a protein to a ribosome
Sequence of three nucleotides of mRNA
codon
Sequence of three nucleotides of DNA
triplet
The four nitrogen bases found in RNA.
What are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil?
Describe transcription
The production of RNA from the code of DNA
Location of transcription and translation, respectively
nucleus, ribosome (in cytoplasm)
Two heterozygous parents for the alleles for straight(R) and curly(r) hair are crossed. What is the probability that they will have a child with curly hair?
25%
Describe an anti-codon
The three complimentary nucleotides found on tRNA
Describe tRNA
The RNA molecule that brings the correct amino acid to the site of translation