DNA
What is the shape of DNA?
double helix
What is transcription?
when DNA is converted into RNA (DNA to RNA)
What is translation?
When RNA is converted into Amino Acids to form proteins, using a codon chart (RNA into Amino Acids)
What is the purpose of mitosis?
What is a phenotype?
physical trait
What are the base pairs in DNA?
A-T, G-C
In transcription, the A no longer pairs with a T. What letter does it pair with now?
U
Amino acids link together to create ______.
proteins
What is the purpose of meiosis?
to create offspring (babies)
What is a genotype?
the alleles/genes/letters that make up a trait
What does DNA store for us?
our genetic information
DNA to RNA is _____________.
transcription
RNA to Amino Acids is ____________.
translation
Mitosis is when our cells create __ identical copies
2
If a genotype is Heterozygous, what does that mean?
What is DNA Replication?
when DNA makes copies of itself
If the DNA is ATC - GAC - TGG , what is the complementary RNA?
UAG - CUG - ACC
Look at a codon chart to find the amino acid for the following RNA: UUU
Phe
What are the 2 gametes involved in meiosis to create a zygote (baby)?
egg + sperm
If a genotype is homozygous dominant, what does that mean?
2 dominant alleles - (BB)
What happens if the DNA base pairs do not match up correctly?
mutations
If the DNA is GAT - CTA - GCC , what is the complementary DNA?
CUA - GAU - CGG
Find the amino acid on a codon chart for the following RNA: CUU
Leu
What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
If a genotype is homozygous recessive, what does that mean?
2 recessive alleles - (bb)