RNA vs DNA
Cell Cycle
Protein Synthesis
Mutations
100

What is one difference between DNA and RNA?

RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine

DNA has deoxyribose while RNA has ribose

100

What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?

Interphase

100

What are the two steps of protein synthesis in order?

1. Transcription, 2. Translation

100

What is a mutation?

Random error or change in DNA.

200

True or False. If false, state why the statement is false

 DNA can leave the nucleus.

False. DNA cannot leave the nucleus because it is too big.

200

What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

DNA replicates

200
What is produced from transcription?

mRNA

200

What causes mutations to occur?

Errors in DNA replication

Mutagens- chemicals, viruses, radiation, etc.

300

When synthesizing a complementary strand during DNA replication, what would pair with the DNA sequence ATC CCG

TAC GGC

300

Why does DNA need to replicated before cell division?

To ensure genetic continuity. All cells have the same genetic information.

300

What is produced from translation?

Protein or polypeptide

300

Which type of mutation has occurred?

Original DNA: ATC CCA GGT

Mutated DNA:ATC CAG GT

Deletion

400

If there is 5% Guanine, what percentage of the DNA would be composed of Thymine?

45%

400

What is semi-conservative replication?

Half of the DNA is conserved and used as a template to form the complementary strand.

400

How does tRNA know where to deliver the correct amino acid?

The anticodon pairs with the corresponding codon on mRNA to transfer the correct amino acid.
400

What is a possible outcome of an insertion mutation?

Frameshift

Silent= no change

Missense= Premature stop

Nonsense= changes amino acid made

500

Which molecule is pictured below? How do we know?


RNA because it is single-stranded and contains uracil

500

Which picture accurately depicits semi-conservative replication?

                A               B              C

B

500

Translate the following sequence of DNA codon. TAT


Isoleucine or Ile

500

How does the location of mutation in a codon affect the outcome?

Mutations that occur in the first base of the codon are more likely to affect the amino acid sequence than mutations that occur in the third base of the codon.

Can lead to an early stop or change in amino acid.