chromosomes
transcription
Punnett squares
DNA
Translation/ mutation
100
what is the center of the chromosome called?
centromere
100
where does transcription take place
nucleus
100
what are punnett squares used for?
they help predict the genotype of a certain cross
100
what is the folded shape of DNA referred to as?
Double Helix
100
Where does translation occur?
Ribosomes
200
what disorder can an extra 21st chromosome cause?
down syndrome/ trisomy 21
200
Region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to blind to make RNA
Promoter
200
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait.
Heterozygous
200
What are the repeating subunits called that makeup DNA?
Nucleotides
200
what amino acid does the start codon for
methionine
300
chromosomes are made up of protein and what other molecule?
a single molecule of DNA
300
Name the complementary base pairs to A, C, G, and T?
A=U
C=G
G=C
T=A
300
Tom has blue eyes which are heterozygous dominant and Shary has hazel eyes which are homozygous recessive- what are the changes that the baby will have blue eye?
50%
300
how many hydrogen bonds are formed between A and T
how many hydrogen bonds are between C and G
1- two bonds
2- three bonds
300
according to the codon chart what will this sequence translate to?
UUG GCA UAA
Leu Ala stop
400
True or false- every chromosomes carries the same genetic information
false
400
Name 5 of the things involved in this process
helicase, RNA polymerase, promoter region, DNA polymerase, primase,and ligase
400
if a man has type AB blood and marries a women with type O blood what is the chance the child will have o blood, how many will have A blood?
o=0%
A=50%
400
what is the difference between the structure of DNA and RNA
- DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is a single-stranded molecule
-DNA uses A,T,C and G while RNA uses A,U, C, G
400
what is the difference between a nonsense and a missense mutation
nonsense- the stop codon comes early and stops the whole protein
missense- Missense mutation is a type of nonsynonymous substitution in a DNA sequence which leads to protein change
500
What is the name for the sequence of a gene that determines a specific trait like brown eyes?
allele
500
Process where the RNA polymerase traverses the template strand and uses base pairing complementarity with the DNA template to create an RNA copy
Elongation
500
What blood type can type o donate to? What blood type can AB receive?
o= is a universal donor
AB= universal recipient
500
How does DNA replicate?
An the enzyme breaks the hydrogen bond between N-bases that hold the strands together (unzipping), free-floating nucleotides bond together to the single strands by base pairing, zipping
500
actual strand- AAU CAU GUA AGG
mutated strand- AAU CAU GAA GG
deletion