Organization
What do we call the genetic makeup of the individual, represented by a set of letters?
Genotype
What is heredity?
The passage of genetic instructions (traits) from parent to offspring.
How many letters does the human genome have?
4
Name two traits that could be inherited from a parent?
Examples: hair color, eye color, height, skin color, freckles, etc...
Inherited traits that children get from their parents come from what?
Genes
If both alleles are identical, the individual is…
homozygous
How many pairs of chromosomes are in each cell?
23
How are traits passed from parent to offspring?
Through genes during reproduction
What is the most crucial part of the cell?
Nucleus
If both alleles are different, the individual is….
heterozygous
A black chicken (BB) is crossed with a black chicken (BB). What percentage of offspring will be black?
100%
Capitol letters in a punnet square represents?
Dominant traits
Where are genes located?
DNA
How many alleles does an individual inherit for each gene?
2 (1 from the mother and 1 from the father)
In chemical terms, DNA is a what?
polymer of nucleotides (polynucleotide)
lower case letters in a punnet square represents?
Recessive traits
What are the threadlike structures of DNA that carry genes called?
Chromosomes
what is the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity?
Genes
Gene vs. Allele
Gene- Trait (Eye color) Allele- Version of trait (Blue or Brown)