DNA Discovery
The two scientists credited with discovering the double-helix structure of DNA?
Who are James Watson and Francis Crick?
RNA stands for.
What is ribonucleic acid?
A change in the DNA sequence.
What is a mutation?
The process of copying DNA into mRNA is called.
What is transcription?
Branch of medicine focuses on inherited disorders.
What is medical genetics?
The building blocks of DNA
What are nucleotides?
The type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
Type of mutation results in the substitution of one base for another.
What is a point mutation?
Part of the cell does translation occur
What is the ribosome?
Type of test analyzes chromosomes to detect genetic abnormalities.
What is a karyotype?
The scientist’s X-ray diffraction images helped reveal DNA’s helical structure.
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
This enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template
What is RNA polymerase?
A mutation that inserts or deletes a base causes what type of shift in the reading.
What is a frameshift mutation?
The start codon for protein synthesis.
What is AUG (methionine)?
U.S. law prevents genetic information from being used against individuals in health insurance and employment.
What is the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)?
The type of bonds connect the nitrogen bases in the DNA double helix.
What are hydrogen bonds?
The kind of RNA helps assemble proteins by bringing amino acids to the ribosome
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
This disorder results from a single point mutation in the gene coding for hemoglobin.
What is sickle cell anemia?
The enzyme that unwinds the DNA and builds the RNA strand.
What is RNA polymerase?
Technique allows doctors to edit genes to correct mutations.
What is CRISPR-Cas9?
The year was the structure of DNA officially published.
What is 1953?
The main structural difference between DNA and RNA nucleotides
What is that RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil instead of thymine?
A mutation that has no effect on the resulting protein.
What is a silent mutation?
The three bases on a tRNA molecule that pair with a codon on mRNA is called.
What is an anticodon?
The name of the field that studies how a person’s genes affect their response to drugs.
What is pharmacogenomics?