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Genotype and Phenotype
Mendelian Genetics
Punnett Squares
Non-Mendelian Genetics
Potpourri
100
A trait needs a minimum of this many alleles.
What is two?
100

Black eyes are dominant to red eyes.  A fly with red eyes has a parent with red eyes and another with black eyes. The black-eyed parent has this kind of genotype.

What is heterozygous?

100
An individual who expresses a recessive trait must be this for that trait.
What is homozygous?
100
This is the reason blood type is considered a multiple allele trait.
What is more than two alleles for blood type exist?
100

In a pedigree, the trait appears in every generation, and affected individuals always have at least one affected parent.  This is likely the mode of inheritance.

What is autosomal dominant?

200
An organism's phenotype is best described as this.
What is physical appearance?
200

Blue eyes are a recessive trait. If one parent has blue eyes and one parent has hybrid brown eyes,  the phenotypic ratio is this.

What is 1 brown: 1 blue?

200
This is the probability that two heterozygous parents will have a dominant expressing child.
What is 75%?
200
A red flower and a white flower produce a pink flower. This is an example of this kind of trait.
What is incomplete dominance?
200

Traits such as skin color and height which result from multiple genes are called this.

What are polygenic traits?

300
Purple flower color is an example of this.
What is phenotype?
300
This Mendelian law states that during meiosis, alleles for a given gene separate independently so that each gamete contains only one allele.
What is law of segregation?
300

A person who has a dominant allele for tall height and a recessive allele for short height has this phenotype.

What is tall?

300
This is the name for two different alleles that are both fully expressed (black + white = black + white) in an organism's phenotype.
What is co-dominance?
300

A carrier mother and normal father have children. Some sons are affected, but no daughters are affected. What pattern is this?

What is X-linked recessive?

400
An organism's combination of alleles is best described as this.
What is genotype?
400
A person has two different alleles and only one of them is expressed then the expressed allele must be this.
What is dominant?
400
This is the purpose of a Punnett square.
What is predicting?
400

In humans, red-green colour blindness is an X-linked recessive trait.  A carrier female is crossed with a normal male.

What proportion of the offspring will be colour blind?

What is 25%

400

A cross produces mostly parental phenotypes, with only a small number of recombinant offspring.

This indicates what about the genes?

What is the genes are linked?

500
An allele is a ______________ of a gene.
What is different form?
500
One of the following procedures is based largely on Mendel's research. A. treating lung cancer with radiation B. performing surgery on a broken arm C. using a microscope to study viruses D. breeding a dog for floppy ears
What is D?
500

In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (p), and tall stems (T) are dominant to short stems (t).

A plant that is heterozygous for flower colour and homozygous dominant for stem height is crossed with a plant that has white flowers and is heterozygous for stem height.

This is the phenotypic ratio.

1 purple tall : 1 white tall

500

A child has type B blood, and one parent has type O blood.

What are the possible genotypes of the other parent?

What are IBIB or IBi

500

The following recombination frequencies were observed for four genes located on the same chromosome:

  • A–D = 9%
  • B–A = 30%
  • C–D = 15%
  • B–C = 6%

Construct a gene map.

What is B — 6 m.u. — C — 15 m.u. — D — 9 m.u. — A?