7A
[Genes & Chromosomes]
[Genes & Chromosomes]
7B
[Meiosis]
[Meiosis]
7C
[Genotypes & Phenotypes]
[Genotypes & Phenotypes]
7D
[Epigenetics]
[Epigenetics]
Random Variety
100
Give the term that best describes 1 set (n) of chromosomes.
Haploid
100
Compare the daughter cells produced in mitosis vs those produced in meiosis.
Mitosis produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells.
Meiosis produces 4 genetically different daughter cells.
100
Contrast the terms 'genotype' with 'phenotype'.
Genotype: Genetic information held by an organism
Phenotype: Observable traits/characteristics
100
Briefly define 'epigenetics'.
Environmental factors that change the expression of genes/phenotype.
100
Which of the following ratings does Squid Game - Season 3 have on Rotten Tomatoes' "Tomatometer" (as of 9:00PM AEST, July 3rd 2025) ?
A) 78%
B) 60%
C) 51%
D) 38%
78%.
200
Name the nitrogenous base that complements (bonds) with guanine.
Cytosine.
200
Name the process in Metaphase I that increases genetic variation in gametes (sperm/egg).
Independent Assortment
200
Which dominance pattern best suits the following trait?
Incomplete dominance
200
Describe how DNA methylation can 'switch off' a gene.
DNA methylation prevents transcription proteins from reading a section of a gene by physically preventing enzymes from opening/unzipping DNA with a methyl group.
200
Which year was the first season of Netflix's 'Alice in Borderland' released?
2020 (December 10th)
300
Name the protein that DNA strands are wrapped around to package/condense them into chromosomes.
Histone
300
How many chromatids would be in a human cell that has just finished going through meiosis I?
46 chromatids
300
'Perfect pitch' is an autosomal dominant trait that allows individuals to identify & recreate musical notes just by hearing them. Having the Perfect pitch trait (P) is completely dominant to not having the trait (p).
Two individuals that are heterozygous for this trait (Pp) mate. What is the probability of their child not inheriting 'perfect pitch'?
25%
300
Explain how epigenetic changes can control cell differentiation/specialisation.
Genes that are unneeded for a specific task/function can be 'switched off' through epigenetic modification.
This allows the cell to perform a specialised set of functions, without expressing any genetic information that is unneeded.
300
Name the song that often accompanies this TikTok clip of a guy in a blue shirt dancing.
Bonus (+50pts) for naming the artist.
Assumptions - Sam Gellaitry
400
A error in anaphase II has occurred, resulting in a failure in separating double stranded chromosomes into single stranded chromosomes.
The resulting gametes may have aneuploidies, described as 2n + 1 and 2n - 1.
Name these aneuploidies.
Bonus points (+50) for providing an example of a syndrome for each aneuploidy.
Trisomy (2n + 1) and Monosomy (2n - 1)
Trisomy Examples:
- Klinefelter Syndrome (extra X chromosome in males)
- Down Syndrome (trisomy 21)
- Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)
- Patau Syndrome (trisomy 13)
Monosomy Examples
- Turner Syndrome (single X chromosome)
- Cri du chat syndrome (single chromosome 5)
400
Explain the process of 'Crossing Over' & how it increases genetic variation in offspring.
Bonus points for using the following key terms:
- non-sister chromatid (+50)
- chiasma (+50)
- recombinant chromatid (+50)
Sections of a non-sister chromatid are exchanged at a point called the chiasma.
Your resulting gametes (sperm/egg) will have recombinant chromatids - a mix of paternal (father's) and maternal (mother's) genetic information.
400
Robert, a blue-eyed male, has had 3 children with his wife Helen, who is a brown-eyed female. Robert notices that one of these children has green eyes and immediately becomes worried that his wife has had an affair with another man.
Based on the given information, could Robert be certain in accusing his wife of adultery (cheating)? Justify your response with a statement on Helen and Robert's genotype. Include an identification of the dominance pattern for the above alleles.
Robert cannot be certain that Helen is committing adultery.
Helen and Robert could be carriers of the allele for Green pigment.
Robert's genotype must be eBeg, Helen's genotype must be E eg
A green eyed child is possible (25%).
400
Using the term 'somatically heritable', explain how epigenetic changes to a person's cells affect that individual for their entire life.
Somatically heritable means that some epigenetic changes can be passed onto daughter cells during mitosis.
Each daughter cell would have the same epigenetic changes as their parent cell.
400
How many goals have Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo each scored throughout their professional careers?
Messi: 866
Ronaldo: 938