Proteins & Senses
Name the 5 senses
Sight, touch, smell, taste, hearing
Who is colorblind in our Unit Challenge?
Joe
What is in the nucleus of cells?
Chromosomes!
Gene or allele: Brown eyes
Allele
The shape of the protein determines its ____________
True or false: Proteins that are the same shape were made using the same genetic code
True!!
What does colorblindness mean?
The inability to perceive colors correctly
Where do chromosomes live inside the cell?
The nucleus!
What percentage of chromosomes are given by each parent during sexual reproduction?
50%
What is the definition AND example of stimulus?
A detectable change in the environment.
PTC
Joe and Becky have differently shaped __________ proteins
opsin
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have AND how many chromosomes total?
23 pairs; 46 total
A method of reproducing where offspring get half their genes from each parent at random.
The chromosomes passed down from parents to offspring are determined __________.
randomly
How do signals travel from the receptor proteins to the brain?
Through nerves!
Why is Joe colorblind?
His genetic code built his greenish-sensing opsin proteins an incorrect shape. When green light hits his eye, the greenish sensing opsin protein sends a confused signal to the brain and he sees a brownish color.
What is the smallest unit capable of performing life's functions?
Cells!
What is the difference between gene and allele?
Gene: A segment of DNA that codes for a trait
Allele: slight variations of a trait/gene
Name 3 organelles.
Examples: ribosomes, cell wall (plant cells), chloroplasts (plant cells), mitochondria, nucleus, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, cytoskeleton, cytoplasm, vacuoles, cell membrane
How do we perceive taste? (List the pathway of sensing flavor)
When food molecules come in contact with our taste receptor proteins on our tongue, a signal is transmitted through the facial nerve to the brain. The brain processes this signal as taste!
How is Joe colorblind but Becky is not?
Joe and Becky got different alleles because they received a different random set of chromosomes from their parents.
Specify the location of genes in our body starting at the cell.
Inside our CELLS, there is a NUCLEUS that houses our CHROMOSOMES. Chromosomes are coiled up strands of DNA. Segments of DNA strands are different GENES!
Why don't siblings have the same chromosomes?
When 2 organisms sexually reproduce, they give half of their genes to their offspring. Because of this, their offspring get a random combination of genes each time that cannot be duplicated.
How are genes and proteins related?
A gene controls/codes the shape of the protein!