Vocab
What is the passing of traits from parents to offspring called?
heredity
What tool do we use to predict possible offspring traits?
Punnett Square
What happens to traits in incomplete dominance?
they blend together, so a mixture between each
In codominance, how are traits expressed?
Both traits are shown equally
Who is known as the “Father of Genetics”?
Gregor Mendel
What do you call different forms of the same gene?
alleles
If T = tall and t = short, which letter is dominant?
T
If red flowers and white flowers produce pink flowers, what pattern of inheritance is this?
Incomplete dominance
A black chicken and a white chicken have babies with black and white feathers. What pattern of inheritance is this?
Codominance
Name two traits that could be inherited from a parent?
Examples: hair color, eye color, height, skin color, freckles, etc...
What is the physical appearance of a trait called?
phenotype
If a plant has the genotype Tt, is it homozygous or heterozygous?
heterozygous
In incomplete dominance, what color offspring would result from crossing a red flower (RR) with a white flower (rr)
Pink flower (Rr)
If a black chicken (BB) is crossed with a black and white chicken (BW), what are the possible offspring colors?
Black and black & white spotted
Why does a Punnet Square use capital and lowercase letters?
Capital = Dominant Trait Lower Case = Recessive Trait
What do we call the genetic make up of the individual, represented by a set of letters?
Genotype
If TT = tall and tt = short, what would all offspring be from TT × tt?
Tall (Tt)
If two pink flowers (Rr × Rr) are crossed, what percentage of offspring will be white?
25%
If a red cow (RR) is crossed with a white cow (WW), what will the offspring look like in codominance?
They will have both red and white hairs
What organism did Mendel use in his experiments?
What is a trait that is hidden when a dominant allele is present?
Recessive
If two heterozygous parents (Tt × Tt) are crossed, what percentage of offspring will be short (tt)?
25%
What is the phenotype ratio in an incomplete dominance cross of Rr × Rr?
1 red : 2 pink : 1 white
If two spotted chickens (BW × BW) are crossed, what percentage of offspring will be spotted?
50%
What is the term for an organism with two identical alleles?
homozygous