Vocabulary
The study of heredity
What is genetics?
Tool used to show probability of allele combinations.
when two alleles for a trait are the same. ex: TT, tt also known as homozygous
What is purebred?
What is inheritance/heredity?
The likelihood of a certain outcome. (used in punnett squares)
What is probability?
physical characteristics passed on from parent to offspring
What is trait?
What percentage does each square of a punnett square represent?
What is 25%?
What is hybrid?
Physical appearance or observable/behavioral characteristics of an organism.
What is phenotype?
In a flowering plant, purple flower color (W) is dominant over pink flower color (w). What is the genotype of any purple-flowering plant resulting from this species?
basic cellular unit of heredity
What is gene?
If you cross two heterozygous parents, what is the probability of heterozygous offspring?
How many different characteristics of pea plants did Gregor Mendel study?
What is 7?
What is genotype?
What are "Bb - heterozygous - 50% , bb - homozygous recessive - 50%"
Structure found in the nucleus of a cell that contain genetic information.
What is chromosome?
In plants, (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform a cross for two heterozygous parents. What is the probability for producing a short plant?
What is 25%?
Who is Gregor Mendel?
The weaker gene in genetics, requires a homozygous form to appear, represented by a lowercase letter.
The allele for blue eyes "t" while the allele for brown eyes is "T". What percentage of offspring produced by two parents with blue eyes would also have blue eyes?
any characteristic or behavior that is not genetic/inherited is said to be the result of environmental factors; ex: temperature, diet/nutrients, disease, medical care, or living conditions.
B = brown eyes b = green eyes
A mom has a heterozygous genotype. One of her daughters has a homozygous dominant genotype. What do they have in common? What do they have that is different?
What is phenotype (brown eyes), genotype?
Law discovered by Mendel - none of the 7 characteristics he studied were linked. (ex: shape of pea pod has no influence on whether the plant is tall or short)
What is law of independent assortment ?
The stronger trait in genetics that shows if present and represented by a capital letter.
In a group of humans, some individuals have sickle-cell disease and others do not. The allele for sickle cell disease is recessive (a) to the allele for not having sickle-cell disease (A). A homozygous dominant parents is crossed with a heterozygous parent. What is the probability that an offspring produced by this cross will be heterozygous for sickle-cell disease? (give answer in fraction and percentage form)