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Vocabulary
Gregor Mendel
Punnett Square Practice
Random Genetics Facts
Science Skills
100
A portion of your DNA that determines a specific trait
What is a gene
100
Gregor Mendel experimented on self-pollinating pea plants that were said to be "true breeders." What does it mean to be true breeding?"
True breeding means that if the plants were allowed to pollinate themselves, they would produce clones of themselves.
100
One cat carries heterozygous, long-haired traits (Ss), and its mate carries homozygous short-haired traits (ss). Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of one of their offspring having long hair. Show the Punnett square and answer the probability question.
50%
100
The nickname given to Gregor Mendel is...
What is The Father of Genetics?
100
When given a data set to graph, how do you know when to make a line graph? A bar graph? A circle graph?
Line: anything on a spectrum or over time Bar: when comparing categories NOT over time Circle/Pie: when comparing data by percentage
200
_______ is the genetic make up (the alleles/what we use to complete a Punnett Square) and ____ is how those alleles physically look in an organism.
What is genotype/phenotype?
200
Give an example of alleles that are an example of the principle of dominance.
Answers may vary, but they should provide an example of a dominant and recessive version of the same trait. The example must be accurate.
200
In a certain species of pine trees, short needles (S) are dominant to long needles (s). According to a Punnett square where a heterozygous parent crosses with a homozygous recessive parent, what is the probability of an offspring having long needles?
50%
200
The tool used to predict possible offspring
What is a Punnett Square?
200
What is the format to write a proper hypothesis at Clinton High School?
If (the independent variable) is related to (the dependent variable) then (predict what happens to the dependent variable) when (describe the changed in the independent variable) because (provide a scientific explanation).
300
A flowering plant that inherits one dominant trait from each parent would have a genotype that is what vocabulary term(s)?
What is homozygous dominant?
300
Summarize and describe how Mendel discovered that some traits are dominant and some are recessive.
Highlights: Mendel crossed pea plants with different traits. The offspring all looked the same (white flowers). Then he crossed the offspring with each other and the hidden trait (purple flowers) showed. He concluded this is because some traits are stronger than others.
300
In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p). According to a Punnett Square where a homozygous dominant parent crosses with a homozygous recessive parent, what is the probability of an offspring being white?
0%
300
The passing on of traits from parent to offspring
What is heredity?
300
When creating a graph, where do you need to put labels? Where on the graph do you put the independent variable? Where do you put the dependent variable?
Labels go on the x axis, the y axis, the key, and on the title. IV goes on the x axis DV goes on the y axis
400
A cat that inherits one dominant trait from its father and one recessive trait from its mother is said to have what type of genotype?
What is heterozygous?
400
Explain why the results of Punnett squares are described as probabilities and not certainties.
Punnett squares show what could possibly happen if two organisms cross. Just because a Punnett square shows a 25% chance of a trait occurring does not mean that 25% of the offspring will have that trait.
400
Skin color is a case of incomplete dominance. This means that the dominant trait is strong enough to be shown, but not completely. This results in a blend. Show a Punnett Square where a dark skinned person would cross with a medium skinned person. Then list the probability of their offspring being the following: Heterozygous Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Light skinned Medium skinned Dark skinned
Heterozygous: 50% Homozygous dominant: 50% Homozygous recessive: 0% Light skinned: 0% Medium skinned: 50% Dark skinned: 50%
400
Long wings is dominant to short wings Stripes is dominant to spots. What are the 4 possibe phenotypes if an insect that is heterozygous for both traits is crossed with an insect that is homozygous recessive for both traits.
1. Long and striped 2. Long and spotted 3. Short and striped. 4. Short and spotted.
400
Your teachers will give you a data set. Graph it and make sure to include all 7 pieces of a proficient graph.
Answers vary
500
Give and solve an example genetics problem when two beta fish are crossed. You can pick any trait, but you must include the following vocabulary in your problem: Homozygous Heterozygous Dominant Recessive Percentage Trait
Answers will vary
500
What is codominance and what would codominance look like in a Punnett square? What about incomplete dominance?
Codominance: two traits are equally as dominant as each other. One trait is not strong enough to overpower the other so they both show. Incomplete dominance: the dominant trait is still stronger than the recessive trait, but not strong enough to completely show. As a result, there is a mixture of traits. Skin color is a good example of incomplete dominance.
500
A tabby cat is an example of co-dominance. Show a punnett square for the crossing of two cats to produce a tabby cat with stripes.
Answers may vary.
500
Heterozyogus alleles are also referred to as this
What is Hybrid?
500
Use the following information to write a hypothesis for this genetic cross: IV: parent genetics DV: probability of offspring Trait: height Father: Heterozygous Mother: Homozygous dominant Dominant: shortness Recessive: tallness
If parental genetics is related to the probability of offspring then the parents will have a 50% chance of producing offspring that carry the homozygous dominant genotype and are short and a 50% chance of producing offspring that are short but carry the recessive tall trait when crossing a heterozygous father with a homozygous dominant mother because offspring inherit one trait from their father and one trait from their mother. The mother can only provide the dominant trait to all of the offspring whereas the father can provide a tall trait half of the time and a short trait the other half of the time.