Vocabulary
What is the passing of genetic instructions from one generation to the next called?
Heredity
What are the two types of reproduction?
Sexual and Asexual
What is heredity?
The passing of traits from parent to offspring through the DNA.
On your paper, cross a Homozygous tall (T) and a homozygous short (t). What percentage is heterozygous?
100%
A trait that will always show up as long as one allele is present.
Dominant trait
When two alleles or genes are the same
Homozygous
If an offspring was a product of asexual reproduction, would it be the exact same or different from the parent?
Exact same
What is the difference between the terms "genetics" and "heredity"?
Genetics is the study of genes; heredity is the study of how genes are transferred from one generation to the next.
On your paper, cross two heterozygous tall plants (Tt). What plant is half of the offspring?
Heterozygous
What is a trait that is passed down from parent to offspring ONLY in the DNA.
Inherited Trait
When two alleles or genes are different
Heterozygous?
Give an advantage of asexual reproduction
An organism inherits its genetic instructions from the —
Parents
Long stems are dominant. Short stems are recessive.
Parent 1 is heterozygous and parent 2 is homozygous recessive.
What is the probability their offspring will have short stems?
What is the genotype ratio?
50%
2/4
This type of reproduction creates offspring that are genetically diverse.
Sexual reproduction
What is the only way that the recessive gene will be shown?
homozygous recessive
What is an advantage of offspring produced from sexual reproduction?
Offspring have more diversity
Offspring get more advantageous traits
Explain the roles genotype and phenotype play in heredity.
Genotype is the genetic make-up of an organism and is what the offspring inherits.
Phenotype is the physical appearance of those genes.
On your paper, cross a homozygous tall and a heterozygous tall. What are the 2 genotypes present in the Punnett square?
What are TT and Tt
Where are your genes found inside of the cell?
Name the tool that we use to help us predict what traits offspring can have.
Punnett squares
What needs to happen in reproduction for a sexual organism to produce asexually?
Parthenogenesis
What information does a Punnett Square give us.
The PROBABILITY of each possible genetic cross.
Having dimples is a recessive trait. What genotypes would two parents without dimples have to have in order to have a child that does have dimples? Use D for the allele.
Both parents would need to be Dd (Heterozygous)
How many chromosomes do we receive from each one of our parents?
23