Characteristics of Landforms
This type of landform is formed when large pieces of the earth collide and forces the earth upward.
mountain
The process of landforms becoming covered by large sheets of ice. As the ice moves it changes the land beneath it.
Glaciation
This climate region is very cold and very dry year-round.
polar
The climate is warmer the closer to the equator the area is located. The farther away from the equator the temperature gets colder.
Latitude
What are the 3 main vegetation regions?
Forests, grasslands, deserts
Land areas where more water evaporates into the air than comes back through precipitation.
Desert
The natural process that breaks down rocks, soil and minerals into smaller parts when they come into contact with the Earth’s atmosphere.
Weathering
This climate zone is hot and wet year-round.
tropical
This factor is the reason why the UK experiences mild temperatures despite being relatively far north.
ocean currents
What type of tree is commonly found in Boreal forests?
The boreal forest can be found all across Canada and were created when glaciers migrated north. A common vegetation found in the boreal forest is coniferous trees. These trees are often referred to as evergreen because they keep their foliage year-round.
Land that is surrounded on all sides by water.
island
The process of eroded soil and rock being transported by wind, water, ice or gravity and moved to a new location, creating new landforms or making changes to existing landforms.
Deposition
Very cold and very hot seasons (winter
& summer) caused by conflict between
polar and tropical air.
Continental
How does living near a large body of water affect an area's climate?
Areas near large bodies of water will often have their climate moderated by the water. Land cools down and warms up faster than water, therefore not providing the moderating effect.
Where are grasslands found in Canada?
In Canada, grasslands are found in middle and western Canada. They are commonly referred to as “the prairies”.
Large area of tall land with a mostly flat top.
plateau
Describe TWO(2) pieces of evidence that prove the theory of "Continental Drift".
❑ The coastlines of South American and Africa appear to be able to fit together.
❑ The North American mountain range called the Appalachian Mountains ends in Newfoundland, but similar mountain ranges can be found in other places in northern Europe.
❑ Plant fossils and natural resources have been found in places around the world where they are not normally located, bringing scientists to further support the theory.
❑ Geological evidence found in Antarctica is similar to geological matter found in North America suggesting these two continents were once connected.
Most of Australia is in this climate region.
Dry
How does DEFORESTATION affect climate?
Deforestation is one factor in climate change because the trees no longer exist to decrease the carbon dioxide levels in the air. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas because it traps the heat in the atmosphere.
What is MONOCULTURE? And how does it affect vegetation?
Monoculture is the farming practice of planting the same crop in the same location each year. This is hard on the soil because it drains the soil of the same nutrients each time the crop is planted. Common monoculture crops are corn, wheat, soybeans, and rice. Farms that continually use monoculture as their main method of product rely on chemical fertilizers to replenish the missing nutrients in the soil.
Found at the edge of rivers where they meet the ocean. Dirt and other sediment flow down the river and create a triangular piece of land at the mouth of a river.
Delta
What are the 3 types of tectonic plate boundaries? Briefly describe each.
convergent - plates crash into each other
divergent - plates separate from each other
transform - plates slide sideways against each other
What climate region is Toronto in?
Temperate
How do mountains affect climate?
The climate of mountains change with their altitude and by the amount of sun they receive. The higher the altitude the colder the temperature.
What are "invasive species" and how to they affect vegetation?
Invasive species are living things such as plants, animals, insects, and aquatic life that are introduced into a foreign ecosystem, which causes harm to the native species. Invasive species disrupt the local ecosystems by competing for similar food and habitat. They have no natural predators in their new environment, which enables them to reproduce quickly.