Geography 1
What is the largest ocean on Earth?
The Pacific Ocean
What do we call a large body of land?
A continent.
What material did people in the Stone Age use to make simple tools?
stone (Flint)
What was the building at the centre of medieval life and protection?
A castle.
Who was the Portuguese explorer who reached the southern tip of Africa?
Bartolomeu Dias.
What type of rainfall occurs when warm moist air rises over mountains?
Relief (or Orographic) rainfall.
What is the name of the line of latitude at 0°?
The Equator.
What do archaeologists study to learn about the past?
Artefacts and evidence left behind by people.
What disease caused massive population loss in Europe in the 14th century?
The Black Death (bubonic plague).
What invention helped spread ideas quickly during the Renaissance?
The printing press.
Name one renewable energy source.
Solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, or biomass.
What do we call the process of breaking down rocks by weather and climate?
Weathering.
What major change happened during the Neolithic period?
People began farming and settled in permanent homes.
What is a manor in medieval society?
The land and village controlled by a lord, where peasants lived and worked.
Name one reason why Europeans began exploring the world in the 15th century.
To find new trade routes, gain wealth, spread Christianity, or build empires.
What is a tectonic plate?
A large, rigid section of the Earth's crust that moves on the semi-molten mantle.
Name one impact of urbanisation on the environment.
Increased pollution, loss of green space, traffic congestion, or higher demand for resources.
Name one feature of a civilisation (e.g., Ancient Rome, Egypt).
Organised government, writing, religion, or cities.
Why were monasteries important in medieval Europe?
They preserved knowledge, copied manuscripts, provided education, and offered help to the poor.
What is a caravel?
A fast, lightweight ship used during the Age of Exploration.
Explain how a meander forms.
A meander forms when water in a river erodes the outer bank (lateral erosion) and deposits material on the inner bank, creating a bend.
What is the greenhouse effect and why is it important?
The greenhouse effect is when gases in the atmosphere (like CO₂) trap heat from the sun, keeping Earth warm enough to support life. Without it, the planet would be too cold.
Why was the River Nile important to Ancient Egypt?
It provided fertile land, water for irrigation, transport, and food.
Give one reason why the feudal system developed.
To provide protection and organise society after the fall of the Roman Empire.
How did the Renaissance change people’s view of the world?
It encouraged humanism, scientific inquiry, and a focus on art, learning, and individual achievement.