Geography
Locate the mountain range that stretches along western Canada and the United States
Rocky Mountains
Name one effect of pollution on the Great Lakes that affects people and wildlife.
Algae blooms, fish kills, contaminated drinking water, reduced biodiversity
Explain how mining on the Canadian Shield can change the landscape.
Mining can remove topsoil, create open pits, produce waste rock and tailings that change land and waterways
Describe how Canada's northern location affects population distribution (where people tend to live)
Fewer people live in the far north due to harsh, cold climate and limited growing season; most people live in the south near the US border.
Identify the large group of freshwater lakes on the border between the United States and Canada
Great Lakes
Explain briefly how pollution from factories and cars can contribute to acid rain in Canada.
Gasses from factories and auto emissions mix with water in the air
Describe one positive economic effect and one negative environmental effect of logging in Canada
Positive: provides jobs and materials for export. Negative: habitat loss, soil erosion, pollution.
Explain how climate and seasonal changes influence when ships can use waterways like parts of the St. Lawrence River.
Ice forms in winter making shipping difficult; thaw in spring/summer opens waterways for shipping season.
This large bay in northeastern Canada is one of the biggest bays in the world.
Hudson Bay
Describe one human activity that increases water pollution in lakes and rivers and a likely consequence for communities that rely on those waters.
Recreational boating, shipping trade, agricultural runoff
Harm to biodiversity
How do natural resources affect where people live and work in Canada?
People live near resource sites (ports, mines, forests) for jobs—e.g., mining towns near ore deposits.
Describe how climate affects what kinds of crops or industries might be found in southern Canada versus northern Canada
Southern Canada (warmer, longer growing seasons) supports agriculture; northern areas favor mining, hunting, and small settlements
This ocean borders Canada on the west coast.
Pacific Ocean
Give two ways international cooperation or policy can help reduce cross-border air pollution affecting Canada and the Great Lakes
limit emissions, coordinated monitoring and pollution controls, emissions trading agreements.
Explain how extraction of resources on the Canadian Shield (like mining) can both support Canada’s economy and harm ecosystems
Mining supports exports and jobs but can create tailings ponds that pollute rivers and harm wildlife.
Explain how climate and location combine to influence Canada’s role in trade
Ports in less-icy regions enable trade year-round; seasonal ice restricts northern shipping and affects the timing/routes of trade.
What ocean lies to the east of Canada?
Atlantic Ocean
Acid rain can harm forests, soil, and these large bodies of water shared by the U.S. and Canada.
Great Lakes
Give one example of a natural resource found in Canada that is important for trade
timber, minerals (iron, nickel), oil and natural gas, freshwater.
Is eastern Canada generally warmer or colder than western coastal areas in winter? Give a one-word answer and name one reason
Colder — because of higher latitude and continental climate away from ocean moderating effects