What is Latitude?
The distance of a place north of south from the Earth's equator. It runs from 0-90 degrees (equator = 0 degrees).
What is a Biome?
Regions of the world characterised by their climate, and their main forms of plant and animal life. (Flora and fauna).
What are the 2 types of aquatic biomes? (give examples)
Freshwater - Surrounded by land e.g ponds, rivers etc
Marine - Covers 3/4 of the earth's surface e.g oceans, coral reefs etc.
What plants and animals are found in an aquatic biome?
Animals - Sharks, whales, dolphins, fish, turtles, jellyfish, crabs, seals/sea lions, crustaceans, crocs/alligators etc.
Plants - Coral, seaweed/kelp, sponges, algae etc.
What is the equator? (what degrees is the equator?)
The equator is an imaginary line splitting the Earth into the northern and southern hemispheres, and represents 0 degrees latitude.
What is Longitude?
The distance east or west from the Prime Meridian. Latitude stretches from 0-180 degrees east and west from the Prime Meridian. (Prime Meridian = 0 degrees).
What are the 5 major biomes?
Forest, Desert, Grassland, Tundra and Aquatic.
What are the 4 categories of a desert? Describe what a desert is:
Deserts are dry areas where rainfall is less than 50 centimetres. It covers 20% of Earth's surface. Can be either hot or cold. Not much biodiversity.
4 Categories - Hot and dry, semiarid, coastal and cold.
What plants and animals are found in a forest?
Animals - Deer, foxes, squirrels, amphibians, insects, birds, lizards, snakes etc.
Plants - Trees, grass, shrubs, vines, flowers, ferns, moss etc.
What is the Prime Meridian? (what degrees is the prime meridian?)
The Prime Meridian is an imaginary vertical line that separates the eastern and western hemispheres. It represent 0 degrees longitude.
What is BOLTSS?
(what does it stand for? When is it used?)
Border, Orientation, Legend, Title, Scale and Source.
It is used to analyse/interpret a map.
What is an ecosystem?
A community of organisms that interact with each other in a non-living environment.
What are the 3 types of forests? (give examples of climate and location).
Temperate - Experience all 4 seasons, found at higher latitudes.
Tropical - Warm and humid, found close to the equator.
Boreal (Taiga)- Cold and dry climate, precipitation involves mostly snow, found at even high latitudes.
What plants and animals are found in grasslands?
Animals - Mammals (elephants, zebra, big cats etc.), reptiles, amphibians, bugs, birds etc.
Plants - Grass, shrubs, trees, flowers etc.
How far can latitude travel north and south of the equator?
90 degrees.
Name the cardinal points of a compass:
(4 main points of a compass).
North, East, South and West.
What is an environment?
The non-physical attributes of an area, such as temperature, precipitation (rain, hail, sleet and snow), soils and topography on land or the temperature, salinity (salt context) clarity (clearness) of water.
What are the 2 types of grasslands? (give examples of climate and places it is found.)
Tropical (savannas) - Close to the equator, warm and dry climate, found in Australia, Africa, India and South America.
Temperate - Further away from the equator, receive less precipitation, found in South Africa, Hungary, Argentina, Uruguay, North America and Russia.
What plants and animals are found in desert biomes?
Animals - Reptiles (snake, lizard, gecko etc), some amphibians, hares, camels, spiders, meerkats etc.
Plants - Cacti, succulents, mesquite, some types of bush and shrubs.
How far can longitude travel from east and west of the prime meridian?
180 degrees.
Name the ordinal points of a compass:
(Halfway between cardinal points).North East, South East, South West and North West.
What are Earth's 4 spheres and what do they include?
Lithosphere - Rocks/Land
Hydrosphere - Water
Atmosphere - Air/Gases
Biosphere - Life (Plants and Animals)
What are the 2 types of tundra? What are some of the characteristics?
A tundra has the lowest measured temperatures of any of the other biomes. Low amount of precipitation, poor quality soil nutrients and short summers. Not much biodiversity and vegetation is simple.
2 Types - Arctic (found north of boreal forests) and Alpine (found on mountains).
What plants and animals are found in a tundra biome?
Animals - Ox, arctic hare, arctic fox, snowy owl, other small mammals and birds.
Plants - Moss, grass, lichens, arctic willow, artic poppy, shrubs etc.
What are bearings? How are they measured? and what are they measured in (unit)?
Bearings are the numbers found around the edge of a compass face. They range from 0 - 360 and are measured clockwise from north in 3 figures. They are measured in degrees.