Rain Shadow
Water Cycle + States of Water
Desalination
Ground Water + Catchments
Geography Skills
100
What conditions can be found in a rain shadow?
Dry/hot
Little vegetation
Dessert
100
What word is used in the water cycle to describe the process of rain?
Precipitation
100
What is desalination?
Any process that removes the excess salt and other minerals from water in order to obtain fresh water.
100
Where is groundwater found? (be specific)
Groundwater is the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock.
100
What trend does the amount of people with access to clean water follow?
Positive trend - increases over time
200
What side of a rain shadow is closest to the ocean?
Windward side
200
What is involved in the evaporation process?
Evaporation is when warmth from the sun causes water from oceans, lakes, streams, ice and soils to rise into the air and turn into water vapour (gas).
200
What is desalinated water used for?
Agriculture, Livestock and Industrial use
200
How is ground water replenished?
Groundwater supplies are replenished by rain and snow melt that seeps down into the cracks beneath the land's surface.
200
According to this map graph. What three continents are struggling to provide 100% of their population with clean drinking water?
Africa, Asia and South America
300
What side of a rain shadow doesn't receive a lot of rain.
Leeword side
300
List all the steps in the water cycle
Precipitation
Condensation
Evaporation
Transpiration
Run-off
300
Which state in Australia uses the most desalinated water and why?
WA
- Large coastline
- Less fresh water
- Space for desalination
- Large farming and agricultural industries
300
What is a water catchment?
A catchment is an area where water is collected by the natural landscape. Gravity causes all rain and run-off in the catchment to run downhill where it naturally collects in creeks, rivers, lakes or oceans.
300
Which area goes against the common trend?
Sub-Saharan Africa
400
What landform is needed for a rain shadow to occur?
Mountain or mountain range
400
Explain the process of condensation.
Condensation is the process where water vapor becomes liquid. Clouds formation. It is the reverse of evaporation. Can be seen as dew on grass etc.
400
Which states in Australia use the smallest percentage of desalinated water and why is this?
TAS and ACT
- Smaller population
- ACT = no access to the ocean
- TAS = high rainfall levels
400
List 3 aspects of a healthy catchment and 3 aspects of an unhealthy water catchment.
Healthy = Trees, sustainable farming, clean, green energy production etc
Unhealthy = Pollution, destruction of environment, Overuse, air pollution etc
400
Based on the graph of Australian Rainfall levels in 2014. In what season does Australia get most of it's rain and roughly how many mm fell during this season?
Summer and roughly 265mm
500
Draw a labeled diagram of a rain shadow.
500
The process of plants sweating and releasing water that is then evaporated is called
Transpiration
500
What specific process is used in the desalination process to remove the salt?
Reverse osmosis
500
Rocks, sand and gravel that ground water flows through are called
Aquifers
500
Label the two axis of this graph. Calculate the average high temperature of Autumn (round to closest whole degree).
Temperature (Degrees Celsius)
Month
Average high temp = 32 + 33 + 33 = 98
= 98/3 = 32.66 or 33