Plate Tectonics & Natural Disasters
What is the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago before the plates drifted apart?
Pangea
This is the outermost layer of the Earth.
crust
This type of glacier covers large areas of land.
continental glacier
This type of rock forms from cooled magma or lava.
igneous rock
What is the largest landform region in Canada?
Name two examples of natural disasters caused by tectonic activity.
Earthquakes/volcanoes/tsunamis
This layer is made of molten rock and causes plate movement.
This process happens when glaciers pick up and pull rocks from the ground.
plucking
This type of rock forms from layers of sediment pressed together.
sedimentary rock
Which landform region contains Canada’s tallest mountains?
Western Cordillera
This natural disaster is caused by sudden movement along a fault line or plate boundary.
earthquake
This is the hottest and most dense layer of the Earth.
inner core
These are scratches left behind by glaciers on rock surfaces.
striations
This process turns sediment into rock.
compaction and cementation
This region is flat and used for farming.
interior plains
What type of plate boundary forms when two plates move toward each other, causing mountains?
Convergent boundary
What process in the mantle causes plate movement?
Convection currents
These glacial features have a gentle hill on one side and a steep slope on the other.
Drumlins
What natural processes break down rocks into sediment?
Weathering and erosion
This region is very cold, has permafrost, and is sparsely populated.
Canadian arctic
Name one way a natural disaster can impact the environment OR economy.
Example answer: destroys ecosystems / damages buildings and costs money
Put the layers of the Earth in order from outside to inside.
crust → mantle → outer core → inner core
Name one landform created by glaciers (besides moraines) and explain how they form.
Example: Kettle lakes are formed from a glacier carving out depressions in the land. When the glacier melts, it fills the depression causing a lake.
This process is where transported sediments, soil, and rock particles settle and accumulate in a new location.
Deposition
Why are the Great Lakes Lowlands a popular place for Canadian manufacturing and shipping?
Proximity to the US border, large population centres