Minerals
Is wood a mineral? Explain why.
No, because it was once alive.
What are the 3 types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
What is the rock cycle?
A series of processes that change one type of rock into another
What was Pangea?
Pangea was a supercontinent made up of all of today's current continents.
True or False: Volcanoes and Earthquakes occur most commonly at plate boundaries.
True
The hardest mineral with a rating of 10/10 on the Moh's Hardness Scale.
Diamond
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Magma is molten rock under ground and lava is molten rock that has erupted on to Earth's surface
What is the name of the process that moves large amounts of rock up to Earth's surface and to higher elevations?
Uplift
Who first proposed the theory of Continental Drift and why was this person rejected by the scientific community?
Alfred Wegner and his theory was rejected because he had no evidence to back up his theory.
What is the energy that travels through Earth's surface as vibrations during a Earthquake
Seismic Waves
Bones are solid, have a definite structure and contain elements found in minerals. Why are bones not a mineral?
Bones are not a mineral because they contain organic matter / are part of something is considered alive.
How is sediment formed?
Sediment forms when erosion through water, ice or wind break down a rock into smaller fragments.
What is the difference between intrusive rock and extrusive rock.
Intrusive rocks are igneous rocks that form when magma cools below Earth's surface.
Extrusive rocks are igneous rocks that form when lava cools above Earth's surface.
Plate boundaries are defined by the direction in which the plates move. What are the 3 types of plate boundaries and describe how each boundary moves.
Divergent boundaries form when plates move apart. Convergent boundaries form when plates collide. Transform boundaries form when plates slide horizontally past each other.
The presence of what in lava will cause a violent explosion?
high amounts of dissolved gases
What is the difference between the term crystal structure and crystallization?
Crystal structure refers to the orderly patterned arrangement of atoms. Crystallization is the process by which atoms in a liquid form a solid with a crystal structure.
Rocks are categorized based upon how they form. Explain the different formation process for the 3 types of rock.
Metamorphic rock form when a parent rock is exposed to high temperatures and pressure.
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools.
Sedimentary rocks form through lithification which is the compaction and cementation of sediment
Give an example of a rock cycle process that happens below Earth's surface.
Crystallization of magma.
What are two pieces of evidence that are in support of the existence of Pangea?
Coastlines that match up like puzzle pieces and similar landforms and fossils form ancient organisms that exists on multiple continents far away from each other.
What are 3 effects of volcanoes?
Ash Falls, Lava Flows and Mud Flows
What are the 5 characteristics an object must have to be considered a mineral?
(1) solid (2) inorganic (3) crystal structure (4) definite chemical composition (5) naturally occurring
Explain how our egg lab modeled metamorphism.
During our egg lab we applied heat (hot plate) and pressure (beaker pressing down on the egg) which changed the the texture, shape and consistency of the egg.
Does the rock cycle follow a singular pathway? Provide an example that backs up your answer.
No. For example, a sedimentary rock can break into sediment if exposed to weathering. However, if a sedimentary rock is exposed to heat or pressure a metamorphic rock will form.
Explain how tectonic plates move.
Convection currents in the liquid asthenosphere cause the solid lithosphere above to move in the direction of the currents
What are 3 cost effective ways you can prepare for an earthquake?
Bolt down heavy furniture, have a emergency plan and go bag, and make sure gas lines and flammable/toxic liquids are secure