Earth's layers
The 5 layers of the earth.
What are the crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, and inner core
The theory that the continents were once joined together and have broken up and moved
Continental drift
molten rock is called
magma
Energy that travels through the earth's surface
seismic waves
fault
The 2 types of crust
continental and oceanic
The name of the single landmass when the continents were joined together
pangea
The region with a lot of volcanic activity along where several tectonic plates meet
Ring of fire
Energy is released from all directions from this spot
focus
Type of fault where the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall
reverse fault
The inner core is made of
Metals such as iron and nickel
When two plates move away from each other
Divergent boundary
lava and clouds of ash erupt from this opening
vent
The place on the earth directly above the main spot where the earthquake energy is released
epicenter
Name 4 other events caused by earthquakes
floods, landslides, tsunamis, liquefaction of sand and soil (quicksand), avalanches, volcanic eruptions
This shifts the mantle by movement of matter that results from differences in density caused by variations in temperature and causes
Convection
Two plates slide past each other
transform boundary
This is the type of eruption when lava flows from giant cracks
fissure eruption
Type of motion in a forward thrust movement; animals can also detect these movements
p waves
The most dangerous type of eruption expelling ash, debris, and gas high into the air. ex. Mt. Saint Helens
plinian eruption
This layer of Earth is divided into tectonic plates
lithosphere
sea floor spreading
viscosity
type of fault where the blocks move past each other horizontally
strike slip fault
largest type of volcano with shallow, sloping sides and are short and wide
shield volcano