Plate Tectonics
What is the name of the supercontinent that existed 200 million years ago?
Pangea
Fill in the blanks.
A _________is a gigantic wave of seawater caused by an _____________ in oceanic crust.
What is this?
A deep sea geyser that forms as seawater sinks down through cracks in the oceanic crust and then releases extremely hot, mineral-rich water back up through cracks in the crust.
Hydrothermal Vent
________ is hot molten rock that is underneath the Earth's crust and has not come to the surface yet.
________ is hot molten rock that has erupted out of a volcano and is on the surface of the Earth.
2- Lava
Name this rock type:
A rock that is made of sediments that have been naturally compacted and cemented together.
Sedimentary Rock
Moving apart, colliding, and sliding sideways past one another are the three different ways in which _____________ move.
Tectonic Plates
What causes an Earthquake?
In which of the following sentences is conclusion used correctly?
A. Inge Lehmann suspected that Earth might have more than three layers, so she came to the conclusion that it did.
B. In his conclusion, the scientists proposed different possibilities of how earthquakes might occur.
C. The researcher reached a conclusion after years of collecting evidence.
D. Once you reach a conclusion, it is set in stone and no other evidence can be examined.
A, B, C
Geysers, Volcanoes, and hot springs all share which of the following?
A. They form along fault lines
B. Scientists can predict when they will erupt
C. They form only along plate boundaries
D. They form only along plate boundaries
C. They form along plate boundaries and above hot spots.
Name this rock type:
A rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies
Igneous Rock
What is geology?
A. the study of relationships between living things and their environment
B. the study of the makeup of the earth and the processes that change and shape it
C. the study of characteristics of the earth's surface
D. the study of past human life and activities by examining bones, tools, and other objects left behind.
B. the study of the makeup of Earth and the processes that change and shape it.
True or False:
Tsunamis are easy to stop as long as scientists have enough warning when they begin to form.
False
Name each layer of the Earth in order.
Crust
Mantle
Inner Core
Outer Core
A very hot region deep within Earth's mantle where a huge magma chamber forms. This is where volcanoes are frequently located.
Hotspot
This type of mountain is generally formed when magma pushes upward into Earth's crust from the mantle and cools into igneous rock underground, causing the crust to bulge.
Dome Mountains
What evidence suggested that the continents' locations were once very different that they are today?
The same types of rocks and fossils were discovered in different parts of the world
A crack in Earth's curst. Typically, this is where Earthquakes happen the most.
Correctly add the commas in the following sentences:
The three types of rocks are igneous sedimentary and metamorphic
The three types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
An underground hot spring that periodically erupts, shooting hot water and steam into the air.
Geyser
Name this rock type:
A rock that forms when minerals in other types of rocks are altered due to extreme heat and pressure.
Metamorphic Rock
The theory of plate tectonics states that ______________________.
A. Earth's continents were once all joined together as one supercontinent.
B. Earth's continents stay still and do not move.
C. Earth's crust, mangle, and core all form tectonic plates that change very slowly
D. Earth's crust and part of the mantle are broken up into sections that slowly move.
D. Earth's crust and part of the mantle are broken up into sections that slowly move.
Explain the relationship between Earthquakes and faults.
Earthquakes begin with huge blocks of rock moving along fault lines.
Which of the word(s) in the following sentence provides the best clue as to the meaning of the word fossil?
Geologists found fossils of an ancient fern in similar rock layers in Africa, India, Australia, and South America.
"Ancient Fern"
A type of volcano that has not erupted for at least 10,000 years and is NOT likely to erupt again.
Extinct Volcano
Choices: Physical weathering, Erosion, Chemical weathering
A. ____________ is a process that moves sediments to new location.
B. ___________ is a process that breaks big rocks into smaller rocks without changing the minerals they contain.
C. ___________ is a process that breaks down rocks by change the minerals they contain
A. Erosion
B. Physical weathering
C. Chemical weathering