Structure of the Earth
The thin, outermost layer of the Earth.
What is the crust?
Plates move apart at this type of boundary.
What is a divergent boundary?
Any rock type can melt to form this.
Answer: What is magma? (or lava)
The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces.
Answer: What is weathering?
Mount Ruapehu is an example of this type of volcano.
Answer: What is a stratovolcano (composite volcano)?
The thick layer beneath the crust, made of semi-solid rock.
What is the mantle?
Earthquakes often occur at this type of boundary where plates slide past each other.
What is a transform boundary?
Magma cooling forms this type of rock.
Answer: What is igneous rock?
The movement of rock particles by wind, water, or ice.
Answer: What is erosion?
The type of volcano that forms from runny lava
What are shield volcanoes?
The inner core is solid because of this factor.
Answer: What is immense pressure?
The Andes Mountains formed at this type of boundary.
What is an oceanic-continental convergent boundary?
Heat and pressure transform existing rocks into this type.
Answer: What is metamorphic rock?
The process where sediments are laid down in new locations.
Answer: What is deposition?
The large depression left after a volcano collapses following a massive eruption.
What is a caldera?
The Earth’s magnetic field is generated by convective movement in this layer.
What is the outer core?
The process where one plate sinks beneath another through converging
What is subduction?
Weathering and compaction form this type of rock.
Answer: What is sedimentary rock?
Rusting of iron-rich rocks is an example of this type of weathering.
Answer: What is chemical weathering?
The special term that refers to the runniness of the lava (how well it flows)
What is viscosity?
The Earth’s layers are studied using this type of wave.
Answer: What are seismic waves?
Plate tectonics is powered by this type of heat and liquid movement in the mantle.
Answer: What is convection?
The driving energy sources of the rock cycle are these two.
Answer: What are Earth’s internal heat and the Sun’s energy?
The name of the process where wind-blown sand carves rock surfaces is called this.
Answer: What is abrasion?
A fast‑moving, deadly cloud of hot gas and ash from a volcano.
Answer: What is a pyroclastic flow?