Layers of the Earth
Identify the layers of the earth (outer to inner)
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What is pangea?
The name of a "supercontinent"
What is an earthquake
when the ground and everything on top of it shakes
What are the classifications of rocks?
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
classification?
smooth and shiny
igneous
What is the thickest layer of the earth? What is the thinnest?
Mantle
Crust
What is continental drift?
The theory that all of the 7 continents on earth were once connected, but slowly drifted apart
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
foliated
classification?
striped
metamorphic
What is the hottest layer of the earth?
Inner core
Name the types of plate boundaries and how the plates move at each.
Convergent - come together
Divergent - separate
Transform - slide past one another
Where do earthquakes occur? How?
Plates slide past one another, get stuck, energy builds up, and when the plates release everything shakes
how are igneous rocks formed?
when magma cools and hardens
aphanitic
classification?
little or fine grains
igneous
What materials is are the inner/outer core composed of?
Iron and Nickel
What is subduction?
When plates converge and one goes underneath the other. When the plate reaches the mantle, it melts and eventually rises to the surface as magma
Where do volcanoes occur? How
divergent boundaries - plates separate and magma rises up
convergent boundaries - through subduction
how are metamophic rocks formed?
when heat and pressure are applied to an existing rock and the original rock changes
clastic
classification?
Made from sediments
sedimentary
What evidence did scientists use to support continental drift?
-Fossils (found on multiple continents/couldn't swim)
-continents fit together like puzzle pieces
-Mountain ranges in multiple continents fit
Name and describe the 3 types of volcanoes
Active - can erupt
inactive- has not erupted in about 10,000 years
extinct - has not erupted in over 10,000 years
Explain how a sedimentary rock could eventually turn into an igneous rock.
classification?
mix of large and small grains
igneous