Weather/Climate
The branch of Earth science that studies the blanket of air that surrounds Earth.
What is meteorology?
Percentage of the Earth's water that is salt water.
What is 97%?
Where lines of longitude converge.
What is the poles?
A landslide that occurs on steep slopes in mountainous areas with thick snow.
What is an avalanche?
Composition of the atmosphere.
What is 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen?
Continental drift was not widely accepted when it was first proposed because why.
What is Wegener couldn’t explain why or how the continents moved?
Cinder-cone volcanoes have steep sides and are generally the __ volcanoes.
What is smallest?
Fault movement under the ocean can produce a __.
What is a tsunami?
A measure of how much water vapor is in the air compared to how much water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature.
What is relative humidity?
People who study creatures that inhabit salty water, measure physical and chemical properties of the oceans, and examine the effects of human activities on the oceans.
What are oceanographers?
The reason why flat maps distort the shapes or the areas of landmasses.
When two cirques on opposite sides of a valley meet.
What is an arête?
Particles of atmospheric dust around which cloud droplets form.
What are condensation nuclei?
Feature found at divergent boundaries.
What are ocean ridges?
Volcanoes associated with __ plate boundaries form the Circum-Pacific and the Mediterranean Belts.
What is convergent plate boundaries?
The surface along which fault movement takes places is the __.
What is a fault plane?
An atmospheric condition where the temperature increases with height.
What is a temperature inversion?
The ability to transport sediment in a stream.
What is the carrying capacity of a stream?
Glaciers covered 30 percent of Earth during the last ice age that began when.
What is 2.6 million years ago?
The cause of deflation.
What is wind deposition?
Both temperature and pressure generally do what when height increases in the troposphere?
What is decrease?
Subduction results in the formation of.
What is a deep sea trench?
__ volcanoes are made of basaltic lava.
What is largest?
Along a __, movement is both horizontal and vertical, resulting in a lengthening of the crust involved.
What is a normal fault?
A weather phenomenon that occurs when air is forced to rise over a geographical feature like a mountain.
What is orographic lifting?
Turbulence causes particles to grind against each other in a stream bottom.
What is potholes form?
From studying seismic waves, scientists have determined that the __ is liquid iron and nickel.
What is the Inner-Core?
Compared to ocean crust near deep-sea trenches, crust near ocean ridges is what?
What is younger?
Cloud droplets collide to form larger droplets in a process called.
What is coalescence?
Continental-continental plate collisions produce what.
What is very tall mountain ranges?
Most of the world’s rift volcanism occurs at __ boundaries.
What is divergent?
In a __, the fracture is caused by horizontal shear and movement is mainly horizontal.
What is a strike-slip fault?
What are the 4 main systems of Earth?
What is the biosphere, geosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere?
Streams lengthen through this.
What is headward erosion?
Earth’s __ is probably composed of the rock peridotite.
What is upper mantle?
Indications that a creep has occurred.
What is vertical structures become tilted, trees become bent, and underground pipelines break?
The height in the atmosphere at which condensation occurs.
What is the lifted condensation level?
Crust is neither destroyed nor formed along this type of plate boundary.
What is transform plate boundaries?
__ are plutons that cause overlying rocks to bow upward.
What are laccoliths?
A __ forms as a result of horizontal compression and results in a shortening of the crust involved.
What is a reverse fault?