Geology
"Geo" and "logy" are derived from what in Greek?
Geo = gaia = Earth
logy = lego = to know
What is the branch of geology concerned with studying rock layers and their relation to time.
Chronostratigraphy
The outermost layer of the Earth.
Crust
The plate boundary where 2 plates come together.
Convergent Boundary
The 3 rock formations that form within caves.
Stalactites, Stalagmites, & Columns
According to the Geologic Time Scale, the Earth is how old?
4.6 billion years old
What Law states that younger layers of rock sit atop older layers.
Law of Superposition
The largest layer of the Earth with molten rock.
Mantle
The plate boundary where 2 plates pull apart.
Divergent Boundary
The mineral that, over time, creates cave "spikes."
Calcite
The region that contains the majority of the Earth's volcanoes and earthquakes.
Pacific Ring of Fire
When the Earth's surface layers begin to tilt.
Tectonic Tilting
At the center of the Earth, an area of white-hot, solid iron and nickel.
Inner Core
The plate boundary where 2 plates slides by each other.
Transform Boundary
The scale that Mineralogists use to measure rock hardness.
Mohs Hardness Scale
Name and describe the 3 phases of the Rock Cycle.
Sedimentary, Metamorphic, & Igneous
Process in which earthen materials are carried away.
Erosion
This layer is so hot that iron and nickel melt into liquid.
Outer Core
Name the 2 types of tectonic plates.
Oceanic and Continental
Caldera
What are the 5 branches of Geology?
Natural Resources, Chronology, Topography, Tectonics, & Sedimentology.
What is a body of igneous rock that has crystallized under the ground?
Intrusion
The process by which molten rock rotates within the Earth.
Convection Current
The process by which one plate goes under another.
Subduction
Name the 3 types of volcanoes.
Shield, Composite, & Cinder Cone