Layers of the Earth
What layer of the earth is broken into several different pieces?
Crust
What kinds of geologic events are caused by transform boundaries?
earthquakes
In a convergent boundary of two continental plates, the two tectonic plates form
Mountain Ranges
What is the heat source of convection currents?
Earth's core and the sun!
You are a rock that formed when lava cooled after a volcanic eruption. What kind of rock are you?
igneous rock
What are 2 environmental services (things you can't hold) that soil provides for us?
Which layer of the earth is completely liquid?
Outer Core
What is subduction? (What kinds of plates are involved, and what happens to each of them?)
An oceanic plate runs into a continental crust plate at a convergent boundary and the oceanic crust gets pushed down underneath the continental crust because it is more dense.
Draw the 3 different types of convergent boundaries.
1) continental and continental
2) continental and oceanic
3) Oceanic and oceanic
Where do convenction currents occur?
You are a rock in the oceanic crust, formed by pressure squishing together the grains of sand that had collected there. What kind of rock are you?
Sedimentary Rock
What is the ideal soil type for being able to filter water well without flooding?
loam
Which layer of earth is soft and gooey, but not completely melted?
Mantle
How do the plates move in each of the 3 tectonic plate boundaries?
Convergent: plates move crash into each other; Divergent: plates move apart; Transform: plates slide past each other in opposite directions
How are islands formed?
At a subduction zone through volanic arcs
how do convection currents in the mantle affect the surface of the earth.
You are a very dense rock with crystals in it. How did you form?
Heat and pressure (you are a metamorphic rock)
What is one positive and one negative thing that we noticed about sandy soil in the kool-aid lab?
positive: water drains well
negative: it only filters water some
Which layer makes rock SLOWLY rise and sink in circles because of convection?
Mantle
What are the 3 different observations that led Alfred Wegener to believe that the continents are moving?
1. Fossil evidence (same plant/animal species found on different continents that now have different climates) 2. Continents are similar shapes that fit together like puzzle pieces (South America and Africa, for example) 3. Mountain ranges are made of the same rock layers on different continents (the Appalachian Mountains match a mountain range in Scotland, for example)
trenches, island arc, volcanos
True or false- convenction currents in the mantle cause floods
false
What kind of rock often has fossils inside of it?
sedimentary rock
What is one positive and one negative thing that we discovered about clay soil in the kool-aid lab?
positive: it filters water very well
negative: water flows extremely slowly (it floods)
Why is the inner core solid even though it is the hottest layer?
There is too much pressure from all of the layers on top of it for it to melt
What kinds of events can happen at a convergent boundary?
Mountains, Subduction, Volcanoes, and Earthquakes
What is a subduction zone?
When one more dense plate sinks below the less dense plate.
Oceanic and Continental Plate
Oceanic and Oceanic Plate
In convection currents _________ rises and ________ sinks.
hot and cold
How does sediment form?
weathering and erosion
What are the 4 "ingredients" that make up soil?