The Climate and Geology
The ability to absorb radiation
What is albedo
The way we assign the age of the earth (via rocks)
The physical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces
What is mechanical weathering
The change in the shape and size of mineral grains
What is recrystallization
A low-angled flanks, small vents, mafic magma chambers
What is a shield volcano
They coil based on temperature
What is forams
Atom of an element with a different number of neutrons
What is an isotope
Rocks made from sediment and weathered rocks
What are clastic rocks
A specific set of features that are tied together in an interpretive group.
What is facies
Magma that flow easier because they are hotter, have more volatiles and low silica content
What is a low viscosity magma
The scientific study of climates predating the invention of meteorological instruments, when no direct measurements data were available
What is paleoclimatology
Unless deformed, overturned, or otherwise disturbed, newer rocks will always lay atop older rocks
What is the principle of superposition
The organic sediment rock
What is coal
The flattening of the minerals creates a direction of orientation for all minerals in the rock
What is foliation
An eruption with high viscosity and extremely explosive
What is a felsic eruption
The shape of the earth's orbit
What is eccentricity
Correlation of beds via fossils and index fossils
What is the principle of faunal succession
Reactants chemically degrade the mineral components of bedrock and turn them into water-soluble ions
What is the chemical breakdown of sediments
The precipitation of a new mineral due to water and pressure
What is pressure solution
A fast moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter
What is a pyroclastic flow
The direction that the earth's axis is pointed, and it happens every 112,00 years
The rate of decay is measured by when half of the original atoms are gone
What is half-lives
The bonding or iron minerals with oxygen minerals
What is oxidation
The common results from stress
What is plastic deformation, foliation, and lineation
The types of volcanoes that have a "blow" eruptive style
What are strombolian volcanoes, vulcanian, pelean, and plinian