Layers of the Earth
What layer of the earth is broken into several different pieces?
Crust
What kinds of geologic events are caused by transform boundaries?
earthquakes
What is the law of horizontality?
Sediments are deposited by gravity in flat, horizontal layers
You are a rock that formed when lava cooled after a volcanic eruption. What kind of rock are you?
igneous rock
What's their favorite number?
67
Which layer of the earth is completely liquid?
Outer Core
What is subduction? (What kinds of plates are involved, and what happens to each of them?)
An oceanic plate runs into a continental crust plate at a convergent boundary and the oceanic crust gets pushed down underneath the continental crust because it is more dense.
What are three common sedimentary rock types in the Twin Cities?
Sandstone, Limestone, and Shale.
You are a rock in the oceanic crust, formed by pressure squishing together the grains of sand that had collected there. What kind of rock are you?
Sedimentary Rock
What is the name of the supercontinent that the 4th graders all knew?
Pangea
Which layer of earth is soft and gooey, but not completely melted?
Mantle
How do the plates move in each of the 3 tectonic plate boundaries?
Convergent: plates move crash into each other; Divergent: plates move apart; Transform: plates slide past each other in opposite directions
Name three (3) common fossils in the Decorah Shale and Platteville Limestone.
Brachiopods, Bryozoans, Crinoids, Gastropods, Horn Corals.
You are a very dense rock with crystals in it. How did you form?
Heat and pressure (you are a metamorphic rock)
Calculus?
Which layer makes rock SLOWLY rise and sink in circles because of convection?
Mantle
What are the 3 different observations that led Alfred Wegener to believe that the continents are moving?
1. Fossil evidence (same plant/animal species found on different continents that now have different climates) 2. Continents are similar shapes that fit together like puzzle pieces (South America and Africa, for example) 3. Mountain ranges are made of the same rock layers on different continents (the Appalachian Mountains match a mountain range in Scotland, for example)
Pyrite!
What kind of rock often has fossils inside of it?
sedimentary rock
What type of insurance were the 4th graders referencing?
Property insurance!
Why is the inner core solid even though it is the hottest layer?
There is too much pressure from all of the layers on top of it for it to melt
What kinds of events can happen at a convergent boundary?
Mountains, Subduction, Volcanoes, and Earthquakes
What machine did we use at the Macalester Geology Lab? What does the acronym stand for?
SEM - Scanning Electron Microscope
How does sediment form?
weathering and erosion
What did a 4th grader lose in the sand bucket?
A gold ring!