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What is physical science?
Physical science is ordered knowledge of the natural world.
It is called deposition.
Obsidian is dark and has a glass surface. It is...
Igneous.
What is bedrock?
The deepest layer which is solid rock.
The organism decays and the imprint is filled in with sediment in the shape of the organism.
Cast and Mold
Metamorphic rocks are formed...
under the surface of the Earth when heat and pressure is applied.
What are plate tectonics?
Plate tectonics is the theory that says the Earth's surface is made up of layers of rock, called plates, that are always moving, and which explains the creation of varied features of the Earth's surface.
Gneiss has many small, intergrown crystals arranged in wavy, layered bands. It is...
metamorphic! (Crystals, wavy bands.)
What is the descending order of soil in layers?
Surface layer, topsoil, subsoil, parent material, bedrock.
The organism's organic material is slowly replaced by minerals over time so you have a stone version of the organism.
Petrification.
Sedimentary rocks are formed...
when other rocks have been weathered into sediments and cemented back together in layers.
What are the two types of plates?
Oceanic and Continental.
Sandstone has visible particles of sediment that come off when rubbed. It is...
sedimentary!
What are fossils?
Remnants or traces of an organism of a past geological age which are embedded and preserved in the Earth's crust.
Fossils can be dated by
1 - studying the layers they are buried in.
2 - radiometric dating.
3 - comparison fossils for similarities.
Igneous rocks are formed when...
magma cools.
The upper mantle and the crust together make up the...
lithosphere.
When soil is dark brown or black and very fertile, it contains...
organic material!
This type of fossil is completely preserved in ice, amber, or tar.
True Form
All the fossils discovered which have been analyzed and arranged chronologically and in taxonomic order by geologists make up a collection called:
the Fossil Record.
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is formed at what type of tectonic boundry?
Oceanic-Oceanic Divergent.
What is the mechanism or cause behind plate tectonics?
Convection currents which swirl in the asthenosphere, caused by heated magma from the layers below.
How did geologists discover the layers of the Earth?
Geologists tracked S and P seismic waves to discover the different layers of the Earth.
This type of fossil is pressed tightly by sediment and leaved a residue of a detailed, dark, flattened impression.
Carbonization.
When sediments are moved away from the their original location and carried off, it is called...
erosion