Show:
Fossils/Dating the Earth
Plate Tectonics and Tensions
Heat Transfer
Volcanoes
Erosion and Weathering
100
About how old is the earth?
About 4.57 billion years.
100
What type of plate boundaries form mountains?
What are convergent.
100
What are the 3 types of heat transfer we've learned about so far?
What are radiation, conduction and convection?
100
What type of lava would be really chunky, and uncomfortable to walk on?
What is aa lava?
100
How is an alluvial fan formed?
What is through deposition at the end of a river or stream.
200
What kind of fossil is an indent in the rock that forms the shape of where the creature used to be.
What is a mold?
200
What type of boundary makes a strike-slip fault?
What is a transform boundary?
200
What is the one type of heat transfer that can still happen in a vacuum, like space, where there aren't any atoms or molecules?
What is radiation, because it's an electromagnetic wave.
200
What is a hot spot?
A plume of magma that pushes up through the crust, not on a plate boundary.
200
What is the scientific term for a curve in a river?
What is a meander?
300
About how long ago did the dinosaurs die off, and what is one piece of evidence that a meteorite might have killed them?
65 million years; the tombstone layer
300
What do we call it when one plate is pushed under another at a convergent boundary?
What is subduction (or a trench).
300
Why does blowing on someone make them cold?
Convection is moving the heat away from your skin.
300
A batholith with dirt and vegetation on top of it might be considered what?
What is a dome mountain.
300
Name 3 landforms formed by glaciers.
What are... examples include cirque, striations, moraines, ...
400
What are two things that make something a good 'index fossil.'
That they occur for only a brief period of geologic time, and that they are widespread (in many places) on earth.
400
What were two pieces of evidence Wegner had to support his theory of continental drift?
What are two of the following: fossil evidence, land features and shape evidence, and climate evidence (finding coal in Antarctica, for instance).
400
Why does metal feel colder than wood?
Because metal is a better conductor of heat, and conducts heat away from your body.
400
What are two things on which the viscosity of lava depends?
What are silica content and temperature.
400
Why does New Hampshire not have a lot of fertile soil?
Glaciers have eroded it.
500
To find the absolute age of rocks, we use a technique called ____________________ , in which we look at the half-lives of certain matter. Only ________________ rocks can be dated this way.
What are radioactively dated; igneous
500
Why is the fact that there are bits of iron aligned in different directions on the ocean floor evidence for sea-floor spreading?
The magnetic poles have switched throughout earth's history. On either side of the mid-atlantic ridge, there are MATCHING strips of rock whose iron lines up in the same way (toward the pole of that time) because when each strip formed as magma, the rock was liquid so the iron bits inside of them could move freely. Then, as the sea-floor spread apart, each strip moves away from its matching partner, creating identical patterns on each side of the ridge.
500
Why do fluids move in convection currents?
When fluids heat up, they expand, making them less dense. Less dense fluids move to the surface, and more dense fluids sink, creating a cycle as the fluid heats and cools.
500
Why is a pyroclastic flow unlikely occur in Hawaii?
Because Hawaii has mostly quiet eruptions, as it's on a hot spot so the magma doesn't pass through layers of earth or pick up lots of minerals and gasses. Instead the magma is coming directly from the mantle or even deeper, so it doesn't pick up much silica.
500
Why is oxidation considered a 'chemical' change, while abrasion is a physical change?
In a chemical change, the chemical make-up of the rock is changed. In oxidation, some of the iron is reacting with the air to form iron oxide-- it is no longer the same chemical. Abrasion causes some of the rock to wear away, changing shape and size, but it has not changed chemically.