Plate motion
Theories
Plate boundaries
Bathymetry
Plate motion again
Magnetic field
100
This kind of lithosphere is 150-200 km thick and contains a relatively large portion of lower density felsic rocks
What is continental?
100
This is who Selena Gomez married this weekend
Who is Benny Blanco?
100
these are the edges of continents that do not coincide with a plate boundary (North America)
What are passive margins?
100
These are edges of continents where ocean depth increases
What are continental margins?
100
Subduction zones are where lithosphere is _____ into the lower mantle
What is recycled?
100
This is the study of Earth's past magnetic field
What is paleomagnetism?
200
These originate as as rifts within continental interiors
What are mid-ocean rifts?
200
This is the name for a single land mass that seafloor spreading pushes together in cycles
What is a supercontinent?
200
these are the edges of continents that coincide with a plate boundary (Western South America)
What are Active Margins?
200
These are parts of the seafloor that are relatively flat
What are abyssal plains?
200
This is the temperature at which the lithospheric and asthenospheric mantle act differently
What is 1280°C
200
This is what generates Earth's magnetic field
What is outer core convection?
300
This is the most recent mid-ocean rift example
What is the Red Sea Rift?
300
This is the name of the most well known supercontinent
What is Pangea?
300
This boundary is formed when two plates collide
What is a convergent boundary?
300
These occur towards the center of oceans and are elevated above abyssal plains
What are mid ocean ridges?
300
This is a force that causes plate motion when gravitational instability pushing ridges outward from spreading centers
What is ridge push?
300
These cause polar wandering
What are convective instabilities?
400
This is the most recent continental rift example
what is the East African Rift?
400
This person created the original continental drift hypothesis in 1915
Who is Alfred Wegener?
400
This boundary is formed when two plates move away from each other
What is a divergent boundary?
400
These are the deepest parts of the ocean where the "floor" rapidly increases in depth
What are trenches?
400
This is the difference between absolute and relative plate motion
Relative plate motion is measured relative to another plate, absolute is measured from a fixed point on Earth
400
This term is the temperature at which magnetic minerals in rmagmas/rocks are locked in place with Earth's magnetic field at time of crystallization
What is curie point?
500
When two lithospheric plates collide, this one will subduct, unless both are continental lithosphere
What is the denser one?
500
This is how apparent polar wandering paths led to further acceptance of the continental drift hypothesis
What is they could only be reconciled into a single path if the continents were in motion?
500
This boundary is formed when two plates slide past each other
What is a transform boundary?
500
These are volcanoes that are submerged underwater
What are seamounts?
500
This is a force responsible for tectonic plate motion that causes the cool mantle to sink and the warm mantle to rise
What is convection?
500
These were found with magnetic surveys of the seafloor
What are seafloor magnetic anomalies?
600
Shallower Wadati-Benioff zone earthquakes are caused by this
What is fracturing of lithosphere from stress as it plunges (subducts) into the asthenosphere?
600
This is the term for the symmetry of paleomagnetic anomalies about mid-ocean ridges that helped convince the scientific community to accept Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis
What is seafloor spreading?
600
These form in convergent boundaries involving oceanic crust
What are subduction zones?
600
These are submerged volcanoes that are flat topped and no longer active
What are guyots?
600
This is the color of the youngest aged crust
What is red?
600
This kind of seafloor magnetic anomalies correspond with "reversed" polarity
What is negative?
700
Deeper Wadati-Benioff zone earthquakes are caused by this
What are minerals undergoing metamorphic phase transformation due to increased temperature and pressure?
700
This is why Alfred Wegeners continental drift hypothesis was rejected
What is unable to successfully describe a mechanism by which continental drift occurs?
700
These occur preferentially along plate boundaries, caused when a sudden release of energy in which rocks catastrophically breaks, slips, or fractures
What are earthquakes?
700
This occurs when a mantle plume from deep within the asthenosphere upwells and melts
What is a hot spot?
700
This a force that drives plate motion as subducting
lithosphere acts as an anchor and pulls the rest of
the plate with it
What is slab pull?