Earthquakes
When an earthquake occurs, the energy released travels through the Earth in waves called ____________
Seismic Waves
A ___________ zone is when two tectonic plates collide, also known as a convergent boundary.
Subduction
Type of boundary where the plates are moving toward each other
Convergent
2 main types of evidence geologists use to study earth's interior
Direct evidence from rock samples
Indirect evidence from seismic waves
The stress force that pulls on the crust and thins rock in the middle.
Tension
The point where the earthquake originates deep underground
focus
Where magma collects in a pocket
Chamber
Type of boundary where plates move away from eachother
Divergent
The 3 main layers of the earth
Crust, Mantle, Core
This type of rock begins as magma
Igneous
Earth's outer shell (the lithosphere) is broken into large pieces called.....
Tectonic Plates
Molten rock and gas leave the volcano through this opening
Vent
FREE
FREE
A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and crust and the soft layer of the mantle in which the lithosphere floats.
Lithosphere and Asthenosphere
Rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways, with little up or down motion.
Strike Slip Fault
The fastest seismic waves that can travel through solids, liquids, and gases.
P-Waves
Bowl-shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around the volcano’s central vent.
Crater
Mid-Ocean Ridges are created by ___________ Plate boundaries
Divergent
3 types of heat transfer
Radiation
Convection
Conduction
This type of rock is formed by erosion
Sedimentary
Shake the ground side-to-side (horizontally) and can cause significant structural damage to buildings.
Love Waves
Fast-moving, hot lava that looks like solid mass of wrinkles, billows, and rope like coils.
Pahoehoe
Trenches are created by _____________ plate boundaries.
Convergent
Evidence from these 3 things backup the theory of continental drift
Land features, Climate, Fossils
These 3 things combine to set convection currents in motion
Heating and cooling of a fluid, changes in density, and the force of gravity