Geologic Time
This type of geologic dating is described as 'putting things in order'.
Relative dating/time
Which magnitude scale is most commonly used for describing earthquakes?
Richter magnitude
Of the three types of river systems, which could be described as typically having a high sediment load and not enough water to move it.
Braided river
What is the name given to tides where the Sun and moon are aligned, adding to the gravitational attraction?
Spring tides
Which term describes the 'proportion of open space' within a geologic material?
How old is the Earth based on scientific observations and calculations?
4.6 billion years old
Which type of seismic wave causes the most destruction to infrastructure?
Love wave
Bedrock river systems are most likely to form in what type of terrain?
Mountainous
The energy of ocean waves is passed along in a circular motion to a depth of what in regards to the wavelength?
1/2 the wavelength
Which type of aquifer could be described as 'having a lid'?
Confined aquifer
Which of 'Steno's Laws' within the principles of relative dating would be described as "the youngest unit is on the top and the oldest unit is on the bottom".
Principle of Superposition (position of layers)
How much stronger is a Richter magnitude 4 earthquake from a 3?
Ten times as strong
Point bars
Describe how the damming of rivers affects coastal subsidence rates.
Damming rivers greatly decreases the sediment entering the ocean system thereby increasing coastal subsidence rates.
Most cave systems are found in which type of rock and why?
Limestone, high solubility
Which type of unconformity is described as having horizontal layers both above and below it?
Disconformity
List in order the four types of seismic waves according to speed, with the fastest being first.
P, S, Surface
What are the three ways in which sediment can be transported in a river system?
Suspended load, dissolved load, bed load
Glaciers move due to what phenomenon that occurs at its base?
Pressure melting
Which type of aquifer could be described as the only one that can go against gravity?
Artesian aquifer
If a rock initially contained 100 milligrams of a radioactive parent when it first formed, how much remains after 2 half-lives?
25 mg
What is radioactive decay?
Radioactive decay is a term used to describe the changes undergone by an unstable isotope towards stability.
What is the River Discharge formula?
Height of a river channel * width of a river channel * velocity of the water
Which two hard stabilization structures on shorelines are parallel to the shoreline?
Seawalls and Breakwaters
Overpumping a well can often produce this structure.
Cone of depression