Gneiss but a little schisty
What are the three agents of metamorphism (in addition to time)?
Heat, pressure, and fluids
Relative dating involves dating with which type of measurements?
Qualitative
What valley profile (or shape) is associated with stream erosion?
V-shaped valley
What term describes the ability of a material to transmit water?
Permeability
Because glaciers form through compaction and recrystallization, what rock types do they most closely mimic?
Sedimentary and metamorphic
A sandstone will metamorphose into what rock type?
Quartzite
The majority of geologic time occurred...
During the Precambrian, before the appearance of multicellular life
Which location along a meandering stream channel is associated with erosion?
Cut bank
An Aquifer must be….
Both permeable and porous
The Coriolis Effect in the Northern Hemisphere causes motion to be deflected __________.
To the right
Metamorphism involves any textural, chemical, or mineralogical changes that occur in the __________ state
Solid
Most of the named periods in the geologic timescale are distinguished by________
Extinction events
What type of transport is associated with chemical weathering? Note: an example of this type of transport can be observed at Havasu Falls.
Dissolved load
What mineral is most often associated with speleothems (cave rock formations like stalactites)?
Aragonite (also acceptable, calcite)
Which glacial features were used by Alfred Wegener to propose that the continents of Africa, South America, and Australia were once joined to Antarctica and positioned over the South Pole as part of his Continental Drift hypothesis?
Glacial striations
What metamorphic conditions do non-foliated textures generally indicate?
High heat, low pressure
What is the Law of Superposition?
Any sedimentary deposit or lava accumulates on older rock or sediment.
What drainage pattern is associated with domes or volcanoes?
Radial
What two subsurface geologic features are almost always associated with hotsprings?
Magma systems and/or faulting
Solar radiation management (SRM) (ex: covering land, glacier, or water surfaces with reflective materials) is an example of climate _______
Adaptation
The granulite metamorphic facies is characterized by high temperatures and high pressures. In what tectonic setting would you observe these conditions?
Convergent collisional boundaries
The Law of Radioactive Decay states that ___________
Radioactive isotopic parents turn into daughters at a constant rate
What type of stream system cuts through uplifting strata? Note: the Colorado Plateau is famous for these types of streams.
Antecedent
Imagine you're drilling a well for drinking water, but a nearby subdivision has a reputation for having lots of leaky septic tanks. Since near surface water is probably contaminated, your goal is to find confined aquifer. Which lithology would indicate a suitable aquitard?
Shale
Why is the northern hemisphere warming at a faster rate than the southern hemisphere?
Greater land surface area (land heads up faster than water)