Scientific methods
Educated Guess.
Hypothesis
If one feature/bed cuts across another, it must be younger than it.
Law of cross-cutting relationships
the age of one object compared to the age of another object. (older, younger)
Relative age
Why does a black hole form?
The mass of a formation has so much gravitational force that the matter can't resist compaction
What are HII zones?
zones of ionized gas around massive stars
Something to test that will prove the hypothesis right or wrong.
Prediction
All beds are laid down flat
Law of original horizontality
exact age of an object (a number). Age is told through radioactive dating.
Absolute age
Describe the singularity of a black hole
A single point at the center of a black hole where all the mass ends up
photons split iron nuclei apart
photodisintegration
Compare and contrast data with prediction.
Evaluate
Using geological structures to prove if one rock is older or younger than another
Age relationships
a gap in rock sequences often caused by erosion.
Uncomformity
Describe the structure of a black hole
A singularity at the center of a black hole surrounded by an event horizon
The closes supernovae seen in the last four centuries was seen in
1987
Ideas supported by an abundance of evidence
Scientific Theory
A diagram showing a 3-dimensional section of land, displaying the geological structures of the land, e.g. folds, beds etc.
Black Diagram
rock layers are deposited sequentially, with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on the top.
Law of Superposition
How does x-ray emission occur in a black hole?
As gas from an orbiting star is pulled into the event horizon at rapid rates, x-rays are emitted
How do stars create energy?
On the main sequence, they fuse H to He. Stars less massive than the sun use proton proton, stars more massive use CNO.
Ideas upon which understanding of natural world are based
Scientific Law
A period of the stratigraphic record that represents a missing time period.
Unconformity
a group of hard shelled animals whose body had three sections. They lived in shallow seas, and became extinct about 245 million years ago.
Trilobite
In what four ways can a black hole be formed?
Supernova of a very large star, a dying star accumulates mass, growth of a stellar-mass black hole, and merger with another black hole
How do high mass stars evolve?
Massive stars burn H to He on the main sequence. After that, they fuse in shells until they create an iron core. Then they explode into a supernovae.