What is institutional theory?
This theory highlights how governments, policies, and political systems influence business operations and market access.
What is the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) / One Belt One Road (OBOR)?
Chinese strategy focuses on building infrastructure like roads, railways, and ports to expand influence in African markets.
What is the theory of structural power?
This theory explains that global power in the digital economy is controlled by actors who dominate production, security, knowledge, and finance, shaping how firms and governments operate.
What is foreign direct investment (FDI)?
This is the key feature of the BRI that allows China to expand globally through investment in other countries.
What is the industry level?
This level examines how geopolitical tensions affect value chains and stakeholders within specific sectors.
What does China often receive in exchange for building infrastructure in Africa?
Access to oil and minerals.
What did COVID-19 lead to?
The global health crisis led to increased geopolitical tensions and disrupted global business activities.
What year did China launch the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)?
2013
What is interdependence between countries?
This factor refers to a country’s reliance on another for resources, technology, or food, which can amplify vulnerability during geopolitical conflict.
What is dependency theory?
This theory describes how developing countries are kept in a dependent position by relying on foreign investment and resources from more powerful nations.
What is the U.S.–China rivalry?
This rivalry between two major powers has the potential to divide the world economy into competing blocs.