Anatomy
Physiology
Pathology
Pharm
Misc
100
What is the most posterior intrinsic muscle of the eyeball?
Ciliary body muscle
100
What is an immune complex?
A network of antibodies (usually of a single isotype) bound to a specific soluble antigen
100
In what cellular compartment does coronavirus replication occur?
Cytoplasm
100
True or False:
Prednisone must be converted to an active form, prednisolone, to be effective.
True
100
What is the main type of hypersensitivity reaction involved in the production of the "dry" form of feline infectious peritonitis?
Type IV- deals with T-cell adaptive immunity?
Immune-related, trying to help the body.
200
When touching the conjunctiva or the cornea, what nerve relays sensory information to the brain?
Ophthalmic nerve
200
Where is the aqueous humor drained into the venous circulation?
Iridocorneal angle
200
Picture of a cat diagnosed with FIP. This is an example of?
A. Blepharospasm
B. Corneal ulcerations
C. Keratic precipitates
D. Conjunctivitis
B. Corneal ulcerations
C. Keratic precipitates
200
What do corticosteroids inhibit?
Pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1, IL-6, TNF (Pyrogens)
200
Why has it been so difficult to develop a specific test for feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) infection?
FIPV is very similar genetically to feline enteric coronavirus- they can not be differentiated between on a PCR
300
What structure marks the junction between the two main parts of the fibrous outer tunic of the eyeball?
Limbus corneae (border between the cornea and the sclera)
- latin for corneal border
Fibrous outer tunic: Sclera, cornea
300
What does a differentiated/activated B lymphocyte develop into?
Plasma cell
300
What is pathogenicity?
the capacity of a microbe to cause damage in a host
300
What is the mechanism of action for Tropicamide?
blocking the muscarinic receptors (prevent acetylcholine from binding) of the sphincter muscle of the iris and the ciliary body muscle, produces pupillary dilation (mydriasis)
300
What is a blepharospasm?
Involuntary eyelid muscle contraction- squinting
400
What does the uvea/vascular tunic of the eye consist of?
Choroid, ciliary body, and iris
400
What role does cornea play in pain perception in the eye?
The cornea is densely innervated by the nociceptive fibers
The somatosensory sensations of pressure, cold, and warmth are not documented fully in the cornea, but touch and pain receptors exist.
400
What is the most common cell in cases of hypopyon?
Neutrophils
400
They mydriatic effects of tropicamide is due what?
Parasympathetic antagonism
400
The iris is a component of which layer (tunic) of the eye?
The Uvea (vascular layer of the eye)
500
Which type of epithelium lines the anterior surface of the cornea?
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous
500
What structure produces the aqueous component of the tear film?
Lacrimal gland
Ciliary processes- produce the aqueous humor
Goblet cells- produce the mucin component of the tear film
Tarsal glands- produce the oil layer of the tear film
500
What is the consequence of occluding the iridocorneal angle?
Increased intraocular pressure
500
Why is Atropine not used for diagnostic evaluation to induce mydriasis?
Mydriases will persist for days to weeks- temporarily paralyzes ciliary muscles.
500
What is the correct sequence for the flow of tears?
Lake, Puncta, Canaliculi and nasolacrimal duct
600
What are the three tunics of the eye?
Fibrous tunic - Cornea, Sclera
Vascular tunic- Ciliary body, Iris, Choroid
Nervous tunic- Retina
600
True or false:
Granulation tissue is a chronic tissue response of healing composed of new blood vessels supported by fibroblasts.
True
600
What is an ulcer?
Which process is involved in formation?
a disruption of the superficial epithelial layer
Necrosis
600
Can cats be given prednisone? Why or why not?
No, Cats do not have the important enzyme glutathione for the metabolization process in the liver to convert prednisone to prednisolone.
600
What is the diagnostic term for pus accumulation in the anterior chamber of the globe?
Hypopyon