Chronic Illness/Musculoskeleta
•Changes in stature and posture are two of the obvious outward signs of aging
•Vertebral disks become thinner as a result of gravity and dehydration, spontaneous and unknown spinal fractures may occur as the result of osteoporosis (OP) causing a shortening of the trunk
•Postural and structural changes occur primarily because of age-related bone calcium loss and atrophic cartilage and muscle
What is the aging musculoskeletal system?
Between toes or at tips of toes
Metatarsal or phalangeal heads
Heels, sides, or soles of feet
Lateral malleolus
Pretibial area
Between toes or at tips of toes
Metatarsal or phalangeal heads
Heels, sides, or soles of feet
Lateral malleolus
Pretibial area
What is Arterial insufficiency of the lower extremity location?
•long asymptomatic stage; symptoms may not appear until lung function has been irretrievably lost
•Most common symptoms are breathlessness, chronic cough, dyspnea on exertion, and increased mucus production
•Later signs include:
•Prolonged expiration; Pursed lip breathing
•Barrel chest; Air trapping
•Hyper-resonance; Pale lips or nail beds
•Fingernail clubbing; Use of accessory muscles
•Cough is primary symptom affecting smokers
What are the signs and symptoms of COPD in the elderly?
Dramatic improvement of symptoms of Parkinson's disease after administration of Levodopa.
What is the "challenge test"?
Neighbor agrees to take an elderly woman grocery shopping but only if she also buys her daughters groceries.
What is elder exploitation?
Unstable
Illness course or symptoms not controlled by regimen but not requiring or desiring hospitalization. Cues suggesting deterioration can be recognized.
Increased risk for stroke
What is atrial fibrillation in the older adult?
Procedural and nonprocedural
What are the two types of touch?
Management of diabetes - taken every 3 months.
What is A1c?
P Permission from the client to initiate sexual discussion
LI Providing the Limited Information needed to function sexually
SS Giving Specific Suggestions for the individual to proceed with sexual relations
IT Providing Intensive Therapy surrounding the issues of sexuality for the clients (may mean referral to specialist)
What is the PLISSIT model?
OP, osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and gout
What are the most common musculoskeletal disorders in the elderly
Heart disease, cancer, osteoarthritis, diabetes
What are some of the most common diseases in the elderly?
Cilia become less responsive
Diminished cough reflex
Diminished immune response
What age-related changes make the older person at a higher risk for bronchitis or pneumonia?
Metformin
What is the first line oral medication for diabetes type 2?
Daughter has a problem with her dad ... she states "he drives me nuts ... always wanting something. To help myself out in these situations I mix his sleeping pills in everything he eats so he will just fall asleep and not bother me"!
What is elder abuse?
Before the illness course occurs, the preventive phase, no symptoms are recognizable.
Pre-trajectory
Learn to read and understand food labels, understand the sodium content in common foods, add physical activity to daily routine.
1 of 10 leading causes of death for older adults
Community-acquired disease (CAD) or hospital-acquired condition (HAC)
What is pneumonia?
Hemoglobin A1c < 7.5%
Bedtime glucose 90-150mg/dL
Blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg
What are the goals for a person with diabetes?
Mr. Justin lives in a long term care facility. He resides there due to his dementia. He is refusing to take his medication. The Aide is angry with him and tells him he can just forget about getting any dessert after his meal.
What is psychological abuse?
Illness course or symptoms not controlled by regimen but not requiring or desiring hospitalization. Cues suggesting deterioration can be recognized.
Trajectory onset
Influenza vaccination clinic
Smoking cessation program
Advocate for clean air
What are some primary prevention activities for the older adult to help prevent respiratory illnesses?
•stronger than verbal or emotional contact
•No one can survive and live in any degree of comfort without it
•____ and intimacy are integral parts of sexuality, just as sexuality is expressed through intimacy and ____
What is touch?
Rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia
What are the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease?
Daughter brings her elderly mother to the ED stating she fell down the stairs again. She has signs of multiple healed fractures when viewing radiologic imaging.
What is physical abuse?