Name that disease
This is the most common form of dementia in the elderly.
Alzheimer's disease
This type of pain medication, often used in older adults for chronic pain management, carries an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and renal impairment, especially when used long-term or at high doses.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
The difference between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
1.) Primary prevention aims to avert the development of disease. Immunizations, lifestyle modifications (smoking cessation, promoting physical activity), and chemoprophylaxis (aspirin for primary prevention of heart disease) fall under this category.
2.) Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of asymptomatic disease. Screening for cancer, hearing or vision impairment, osteoporosis, hypertension, and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are examples
3.) Tertiary prevention identifies established conditions to prevent further morbidity or functional decline. Identification of cognitive problems, disorders of gait and balance, malnutrition, and urinary incontinence are examples
As people age, their skin becomes thinner, less elastic, and more prone to wrinkles. What is the main structural protein responsible for maintaining skin elasticity?
Collagen
This film portrays the story of an elderly man who, after the death of his wife, decides to fulfill his lifelong dream of traveling by tying thousands of balloons to his house.
"Up"
Characterized by bone weakening and increased fracture risk, this disease is especially common among postmenopausal women.
Osteoporosis
This commonly prescribed medication for osteoporosis in older adults carries a risk of esophageal irritation and should be taken with a full glass of water while remaining upright for at least 30 minutes.
Bisphosphonates
The AAFP recommends screening Bone Mineral Density in this population.
Women age 65 years and women age 60 with risk factors (low BMI, steroid use, current smoker, excessive EtOH, h/o RA, previous fracture)
What are the protective caps located at the ends of chromosomes, consisting of repetitive DNA sequences, whose shortening is associated with cellular aging and senescence?
Telomeres
In this classic film, a group of older adults escape from their retirement home to fulfill their dreams of adventure and freedom.
"The Bucket List"
Most common leukemia affecting adults >60. Often asymptomatic
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Older adults taking this class of medications for diabetes management should be educated about the risk of hypoglycemia, especially when combined with other glucose-lowering agents or when kidney function is compromised.
Sulfonylureas
You are seeing a 66 y/o male with a history of COPD - he quit smoking 20 years ago. What imaging test should you order as a part of his health maintenance/screening?
Ultrasound for AAA.
Smoking increases the risk for AAA. One-time ultrasonography screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is recommended by several organizations (the USPSTF and the American Heart Association) for men ages 65 to 75 who have ever smoked. The USPSTF recommends against routine screening for AAA in women and made no recommendation for or against screening for AAA in men ages 65 to 75 who have never smoked.
Another term for age-related hearing loss.
Presbycusis
This German-born American physician is considered the father of geriatric medicine in the United States.
Ignatz Leo Nascher.
He coined the term "geriatrics" in 1909.
Fluctuating cognition with pronounced variations in attention and alertness. Recurrent visual hallucinations. Spontaneous motor features of parkinsonism
Lewy body dementia
Older adults taking this type of medication for depression should be closely monitored for signs of hyponatremia, especially if they are also on diuretics or have conditions predisposing them to fluid imbalance.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
What dose of of Vitamin D has been shown to help prevent hip fracture in the elderly?
800 IU daily.
A growing evidence base has identified the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<30 ng/mL) among older adults and important health implications. Vitamin D reduces the relative risk of falls by 22 percent. The daily intake of vitamin D in older adults should be at least 800 to 1000 IU. At least 1.2 g of elemental calcium in the diet or as a supplement is also recommended
There are some lab tests that change with aging. Name 7 unchanged parameters.
➢ Hemoglobin and hematocrit
➢White blood cell count
➢Platelet count
➢Electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, P, Cl, HCO3)
➢Blood urea nitrogen
➢Liver tests (bilirubin, transaminases)
➢Free thyroxine index
Name former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and her disease
Margaret Thatcher, Alzheimer's disease
In the elderly, this condition, often caused by minor head trauma, can lead to symptoms such as confusion, headache, and changes in consciousness.
Subdural hematoma
Creatinine at which you should discontinue/stop using Metformin in both men and women.
1.5mg/dl for men and 1.4mg/dl for women.
You are seeing a 67 y/o female as a new patient. She has not seen a physician in 15 years but has no known medical problems. The following four immunizations are recommended for this patient.
1.) Tdap
2.) Influenza
3.) Pneumococcal
4.) Herpes Zoster
1.)Patients older than 60 years account for approximately 60 percent of all cases of tetanus in the United States
2.)More than 90 percent of influenza-related deaths occur among people ≥60 years of age. Older adults also experience significantly increased morbidity from the disease.
3.)All adults 65 or over should receive a dose even if vaccinated earlier, however, a minimum interval of five years between PPSV23 doses should be maintained. A meta-analysis from 2008 found strong evidence that pneumococcal vaccine decreases risk for invasive pneumococcal disease (eg, bacteremia and meningitis) but did not demonstrate reduction in all cause pneumonia or mortality
4.)The ACIP recommends herpes zoster vaccination for all immunocompetent persons age 60 years and older, regardless of history of varicella or documentation of varicella immunity, for the prevention of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia
Systemic senile (age-related) amyloidosis is characterized by the deposition of amyloid fibrils primarily composed of which protein, often affecting the heart, kidneys, and other organs in older individuals?
transthyretin (TTR) protein
In 1965, this Act was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, establishing Medicare and Medicaid
Social Security Amendments of 1965