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Changes in the elderly
Osteoporosis
Inflammatory/Amyloid diseases
Common Illnesses/Pharmacology
Miscellaneous
100
Vision and hearing are commonly this relative to younger patients.
What is decreased?
100
This is the most common cause of osteoporosis related to old age.
What is increased bone resorption?
100
This is the abnormal aggregation of proteins or their fragments into beta-pleated linear sheets.
What is Amyloidoisis?
100
Elderly patients tend to lose this part of drug metabolism first.
What is phase 1?
100
This is the public medical insurance for the elderly.
What is Medicare?
200
Suicide rates are this in the elderly relative to younger populations.
What is increased?
200
This is scan used to diagnose osteoporosis.
What is the DEXA?
200
This is the protein that aggregates in age-related systemic amyloid disease.
What is Transthyretin?
200
These are the parts of metabolism that are increased in elderly patients.
What are Methylation, Glucuronidation, Acetylation, Sulfation?
200
This is the number of medications that should be avoided in elderly patients.
What is >50?
300
This does not change throughout into old age.
What is intelligence?
300
These lifestyle modifications can help prevent osteoporosis.
What is regular weight-bearing exercise and adequate Ca2+ and vitamin D intake?
300
This is the most common site of accumulation of transthyretin.
What is cardiac ventricles?
300
These are the two most common causes of nosocomial infections.
What are E. coli and S. aureus?
300
This class of medications increases the risk of hypotension in elderly patients.
What is alpha-blockers?
400
In the elderly these stages of sleep are decreased.
What are REM and SWS?
400
These are treatments for osteoporosis (name at least 1).
What is bisphosphonates, teriparatide, SERMs, rarely calcitonin, denosumab (anti-RANKL antibody)
400
Autopsy of elderly persons will reveal deposits of lipofuscin in (name at least two) these organs.
What is heart, colon, liver, kidney, eye?
400
These are the top three causes of death in individuals older than 65.
What is Heart disease (1), cancer (2), chronic respiratory disease (3)?
400
This is a widely used criteria to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing and harmful polypharmacy in the general geriatric population.
What is Beer's Criteria?
500
This is a common sleep characteristic between elderly patients and narcoleptics.
What is increased sleep onsent latency?
500
This is a common fracture related to osteoporsis.
What is vertebral compression?
500
Age-related systemic amyloidosis has slower progression of cardiac dysfunction relative to which other type of amyloidosis?
What is AL amyloidosis?
500
This is a complication of atropine in the elderly.
What is acute closure glaucoma?
500
These are Basic medical bills (eg, doctor’s fees, diagnostic testing) and Prescription Drugs, respectively that are covered and parts of medicare.
What is Parts B and D of medicare?