Legends
Young and beautiful Italian queen who fled to Odo for protection
Adelaide
symbols of the civil power of the bishop
sword and sceptre
Which two countries did not unite until the 19th century?
Germany and Italy
The imperial title was gradually taken over by this family
The man who became Gregory VII--a small man with an iron will
Cardinal Hildebrand
A name meaning "Red Beard"
Barbarossa
An agreement where the Holy Roman Emperor promised to permit the free election
Otto set up a series of marches or "marks." Which country was originally one of these, known as East Mark
Why did Henry the Fowler not attempt to weaken the power of the Dukes?
He needed their help to fight off invaders
Why was investiture a bad idea
The bishop would be more loyal to the king than to the pope. And the bishops were expected now to serve two masters.
drowned in a river on his way to the crusades. He loved battle
Frederick the First
A faction within the Holy Roman Empire which sided with the pope in terms of investiture
Guelphs
Otto organized the country of Germany so this couldn't happen
Invasion
Henry the Fowler was never this
Absolute king over Germany
The Pope ruled this part of Italy
Central Italy
Son and successor to the throne of Henry the Fowler
Otto the Great
A faction within the Holy Roman Empire that sided with the Emperor
The Ghibellines
Pope John XII put a crown on the head of Otto and pronounced him "Emperor of the _______"
Romans
Otto the Great took duchies away from the dukes who had power and gave them to these people
His friends and family
Is there any country that the Pope is subordinate to?
No, he is subordinate to God alone
Frederick Barbarossa
This is how long the investiture controversy lasted in terms of conflict time
50 years
This is the name of princes in the empire who choose the next Holy Roman Emperor
Electors
When did the Hapsburgs finally give up the title of Holy Roman Emperor?
1918
This Pope helped sign the concordat of worms
Callixtus II