Risk Factors
Nervousness, headache, weakness, irritability, hunger, blurred vision are s/s of
what is
Hypoglycemia
requirements before Oral glucose tolerance test
Patient fasts over night, avoids caffeine, & smoking (12 hr)
Fasting glucose is obtained
100 g glucose load is given
Serum glucose lvls are determined at 1, 2, & 3 hrs following glucose ingestion
What is the main treatment goal for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes?
what is To maintain blood glucose levels within the target range through diet, exercise, and, if necessary, insulin therapy.
A nurse is caring for a client who is at 22 weeks gestation and is HIV positive. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Administer penicillin G 2.4 million units IM to the client.
B) Instruct the client to schedule an annual pelvic examination.
C) Tell the client she will start medication for HIV immediately after delivery.
D) Report the client's condition to the local health department.
D) Report the client's condition to the local health department.
The nurse should report the condition to the local health department. HIV is one of the conditions on the list of Nationally Notifiable Infectious Conditions that is required to be reported.
Gestational diabetes can lead to a condition in which the baby has permanent damage to its major organs; what is this known as?
what is
Congenital anomalies, which can include issues such as heart defects and neural tube defects.
Polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, nauseas abdominal pain, flushed dry skin, & fruity breath are s/s of
what is
Hyperglycemia
A 1-hr glucose tolerance test is performed at
what is
24-28 wks gestation
What are common risk factors for developing gestational diabetes?
what is
Being overweight, having a family history of diabetes, previous gestational diabetes, age over 25, and certain ethnic backgrounds (e.g., Hispanic, Black, Native American).
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the med record of a client who is in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for the development of preenclampsia?
Singleton pregnancy
BMI of 20
Maternal age 32 years
Pregestational diabetes mellitus
Pregestational diabetes mellitus
Pregestational diabetes mellitus increases a client's risk for the development of preeclampsia. Other risk factors include preexisting hypertension, renal disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.
For mothers with gestational diabetes, what is one potential complication related to the size of the baby?
what is
Shoulder dystocia during delivery, which occurs when the baby's shoulder gets stuck after the head is delivered.
Physical assessment findings of mother with GDM
Hypoglycemia
Shaking
Clammy pale skin
Shallow respirations
Rapid pulse
Hyperglycemia
Vomiting
Excess weight gain during pregnancy
A positive 1-hr glucose tolerance test screening result
what is
140 mg/dL or greater
Which two forms of monitoring are essential for women with gestational diabetes?
what is
Self-monitoring of blood glucose and regular prenatal check-ups.
What is the primary screening test used to diagnose gestational diabetes?
A) A1C test
B) Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
C) Fasting Blood Sugar Test
D) Random Blood Sugar Test
what is
B) Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
What endocrine abnormality may occur in infants born to mothers with unmanaged gestational diabetes?
what is
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, or jaundice, due to its body's response to stress related to hyperglycemia.
A newborn is at risk for hypoglycemia for ____ hrs after birth
what is 24 hrs
S/s of newborn hypoglycemia
what is
Hypotonia
Lethargy
Poor feeding
Vomiting
Pallor/cyanosis
Tremors
High pitched cry
Exaggerated Moro reflex
Hypothermia
What dietary component should women with gestational diabetes focus on to help control blood sugar levels?
what is
A balanced diet with an emphasis on complex carbohydrates, fiber, lean proteins, and healthy fats, while minimizing simple sugars.
Women with gestational diabetes are at an increased risk for developing this condition later in life.
A) Type 1 Diabetes
B) Type 2 Diabetes
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Heart Disease
what is
B) Type 2 Diabetes
How might gestational diabetes affect the timing of delivery?
what is
It may lead to a recommendation for early delivery if the mother's blood sugar levels are not well-controlled, to reduce risks for both mother and baby.
Women age 35 and older belong to this category regarding gestational diabetes RISK.
what is
High Risk
What is the typical time frame during pregnancy when gestational diabetes is usually screened?
what is
24 to 28 weeks
What complication can arise from poorly controlled gestational diabetes for the newborn?
what is
Macrosomia, which refers to an excessively large baby that can lead to delivery complications.
Gestational diabetes typically develops during which trimester of pregnancy?
A) First Trimester
B) Second Trimester
C) Third Trimester
D) Any Trimester
what is
B) Second Trimester
What are some key signs that may indicate a woman has developed gestational diabetes?
Answ
what is
Increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and nausea; however, many women may be asymptomatic.