Lecture 8 Seawater
Lecture 9 Atmosphere
Lecture 10 Hurricanes
Lecture 11
ocean circulation
ocean circulation
miscellaneous
(lec 8- lec11)
(lec 8- lec11)
100
energy transferred from one body to another.
measures in calories/gram
What is heat?
100
The percentage of solar radiation that is reflected back to space.
What is albedo?
100
The greatest cause of damage from a hurricane.
What is storm surge?
100
The movement of cold deep nutrient-rich water to the surface that increases primary productivity.
What is upwelling?
100
Lowest layer of the atmosphere, where all weather occurs
what is the troposphere?
200
Temperature varitation changing with depth.
What is thermocline?
200
What is the main chemical component in each of Earths 3 distinct atmospheres.
1. CO2, No oxygen
2. N2 dominated
3. O2 dominated around 2.5 billion years ago
200
organized system of strong thunderstorms with maximum sustained winds of <62 km/hr (no spiral shape, no ‘eye’)
What is a tropical depression?
200
Wallace S. Broecker
The oceanographer who proposed the idea of the Global Ocean Conveyer belt.
200
Frequency of the natural disaster will stay consistent, but the intensity of wind speeds will increase.
What is, the future of hurricane activity.
300
Density variation changing with depth.
What is Pycnocline
300
Earths circulation cell ranging from latitudes 60 to 90o
What is Polar Cell?
300
When energy released from condensation causes atmosphere to warm and rise again, releasing more heat, the "fuel" of hurricanes
What is latent heat?
300
wind driven vs. density driven
(Ocean water movement)
What is the difference between surface and deep ocean currents?
300
Waters where freshwater input is high
what is brackish water?
400
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree centigrade.
What is heat capacity?
400
Circulation cell convergent zones that are prone to increased weather activity.
What are low pressure zones?
400
Sediment that is specifically mobilized and re-deposited by hurricanes
What is overwash deposit?
400
Ocean currents driven by winds, that begin at a 45o angle and lessen as they descend the water column.
What is the Ekman spiral phenomenon?
400
rising air in the late afternoon, over a heated terrestrial surface pulling air toward the land from the ocean.
what is a Sea Breeze?
500
Sketch the hydrological cycle on the board, identify what primarily adds dissolved substances to seawater.
Runoff/stream water!
500
Sketch each global wind belt and direction of air movement( West to East, East to west), relate the air movement to the Coriolis effect.
*BONUS* include the circulation cells & label the latitudes they occur at
500
Teach how hurricanes form (can draw it out if you want)
a) thunderstorm development
b) when storm is over warm ocean warm humid air rises and forms clouds and rain
c) this process releases latent heat which expands storm and draws more humid air upward
d) rotation develops around central atmosphere to form a "eye"
e) outer bands develop
500
Sketch and label the process of upwelling.
500
The cause of seasons
what is Earth's tilt