Lecture 12
ENSO
ENSO
Lecture 13
Waves
Waves
Lecture 14
tides
tides
Stared concepts
100
When a warm water current develops around Christmas Time, and brings more rain to South America
What is El Niño?
100
How waves begin, what force initiates wave movement?
Disturbing force?
100
tide pattern when water moves away from the shore
what is Ebb tide?
100
What is the average open ocean salinity?
35 ppt
200
When an east-west atmospheric pressure change occurs within the Walker Circulation
What is southern oscillation?
200
Large sea waves from the sudden movement of the sea floor during a submarine earthquake, landslide, or submarine explosion.
How do tsunamis form?
200
Tides are created by the resultant force of these two forces.
what is gravitation and centripetal force.
200
What is the average pH of surface water?
pH of 8.1
300
Similar to Normal conditions of Walker Circulation, but more intense
Stronger trade winds, more upwelling, shallow thermocline in eastern Pacific
Band of cool water stretches across Pacific
What is La Niña?
300
The length of uninterrupted ocean over which a wind blows.
(one of the two factors that influence a fully developed sea)
What is Fetch?
300
When tidal range decreases because the moon is most distant from the Earth is known as
what is apogee?
300
When water decreases in temperature how does this impact density?
Decrease in temperature = increase in density, cooler water sinks and condenses
400
When trade winds push some warm near-surface ocean water to the west.
Warm air rises, makes clouds and precipitation.
Dryer air travels along top of troposphere to eastern Pacific to close the loop
As water is pushed from east to west, major upwelling occurs in eastern Pacific off South America
What are neutral, walker circulation cell conditions?
400
A wave that breaks over a steep shores, and forms a tunnel, fun for surfing
What is plunging breaker
400
the three tidal patterns
what are
A) diurnal tides
B) Semi diurnal tides
C) Mixed tidal patterns
500
Five effects of ENSO warm phase (El Niño)
(get at least three to get the points)
Damages corals, flattens thermocline, decreases primary productivity, increases tropical cyclones in eastern pacific, increases rainfall over South America.
500
Sketch the difference between Longitudinal, Transverse, and Orbital waves.
Clarify which are body and which are surface waves.
500
Draw the three different tidal patterns (the highs and lows of each)
*bonus give an example of where each occurs
Diurnal- GOM
Semi diurnal- East Coast of US
Mixed- West coast US