GI Bleeding/Perf
Perforation
Peritonitis
Peritonitis/Appendicitis
Appendicitis
100

What are s/s of GI bleed?

Melena/Hematemesis

Hypotension/Tachycardia

Pallor/Fatigue

100

Is perforation a medical emergency

YES

100

Define peritonitis

Inflammation of the lining of the peritoneum (abdominal cavity)

100

What type of shock can happen r/t fluid shift into abdominal cavity?

risk hypovolemic shock

100

Appendicitis s/s

Sharp pain at McBurney's point

N/V

Rebound Tenderness

Low-grade fever

200

What are the diagnostics for GI bleed?

EGD

Fecal Occult Blood

200

What happens when there is a perforation?

The ulcer erodes all the way through stomach/duodenum 

200

What are 2 causes of peritonitis?

perforation of abdominal organs 

or 

trauma

200

What are the nursing considerations for peritonitis?

Fluid and electrolyte replacement

Nasogastric suction

Antibiotic therapy

Pain management

Surgical repair

200

Appendicitis diagnostics

CT Scan/Ultrasound

Labs: WBC, CRP

Rovsing’s sign (tenderness in RLQ when palpating left lower quad)

300

What is the treatment for GI bleed?

Gastric lavage

and

Endoscopy 

300

What causes the peritonitis from perforation?

caused by stool and partially digested food spilling into peritoneal cavity

300

What is seen on abdominal x-ray in peritonitis?

Air and fluid in abdomen seen on x-ray

300

What are the surgical treatments of peritonitis?

Exploratory laparotomy (open)

Gastric resection with anastomosis

Colectomy with anastomosis

Colectomy with colostomy placement (Temporary or permanent)

300

Appendicitis nursing considerations

IV fluids/Broad spectrum Abx

NPO for bowel rest

pain management (morphine)/Avoid heat 

assess for s/s of perf

prep for poss sx

400

What are the nursing considerations of G bleed?

Frequent VS/O2 therapy

IV fluids

Strict I/O's

Assess Hgb (transfuse if <7)

Supportive care

400

What are the 2 surgical treatments for severe PUD prevention or perforation called?

  • Gastrodudenostomy aka Billroth I

  • Gastrojejunostomy aka Billroth II

400

What are the 2 symptoms associated with "board like" abdomen?

Abd distention

and 

Rigidity

400

What is appendicitis and what can it lead to?

Inflammation of the appendix due to incomplete emptying or becoming occluded

appendicitis can lead to:

 infection and/or possible perforation

400

what is done to prepare for surgery?

written consent

NPO 

possible same day surgery

500

What are the s/s of perforation

SEVERE, sharp abd pain

Abd tenderness

N/V

500

What is being done in the surgical treatments billroth I & II?

Gastric resection with anastomosis

500

What are s/s of peritonitis

fever

widespread pain, with time localizes and increase intensity

diminished/absent BS

Rigid board-like abdomen

Rebound tenderness


500

What age range is appendicitis mostly seen in?

True or false: 

Appendicitis is the #1 reason for abd surgery 

10-30 y/o

500

What are the s/s of perforation

SEVERE, sharp abd pain

Abd tenderness

N/V