GI Anatomy and Physiology
What organ is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption?
What is the small intestine.
RUQ pain radiating to the right shoulder, worse after fatty meals
What is Cholelithiasis
What is CT abdomen and pelvis with contrast.
First line treatment for symptomatic GERD.
What is PPI therapy.
Black tarry stools are a sign of what type of GI bleeding?
What part of the GI tract primarily absorbs water and electrolytes?
What is the large intestine.
Epigastric pain relieve by eating food, worsens at night.
What is a duodenal ulcer.
Gold standard to diagnose celiac disease.
What is small bowel biopsy.
Triple therapy for H. Pylori includes a PPI and which two antibiotics?
What are Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin.
Sudden, severe epigastric pain, rigid abdomen, free air on x-ray film.
What is a perforated peptic ulcer.
What nerve controls parasympathetic innervation of most GI organs?
LLQ pain, change in bowel habits, fever, leukocytosis in an older adult.
What is diverticulitis.
What lab test is often elevated in cholestatic liver injury (e.g. biliary obstruction)?
What is alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
First line antibiotic regimen for moderate diverticulitis in outpatient adults?
What are Ciprofloxacin + Metronidazole or Amoxicillin-Clavulanate.
Persistent vomiting, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis suggest what type of GI obstruction?
Pyloric stenosis.
Which GI organ produces intrinsic factor, necessary for vitamin B12 absorption?
What is the stomach.
Blood diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, lower abdominal pain and continuous colonic inflammation
What is ulcerative colitis.
What is the first line treatment for hepatic encephalopathy?
What is lactulose.
A 70 year old male presents with painless jaundice and significant weight loss. What malignancy must be ruled out?
What is pancreatic cancer.
Which layer of the GI tract is responsible for peristalsis and mixing of food?
What is the muscularis externa.
Elderly patient with unintentional weight loss, early satiety and a palpable mass in the epigastrium.
What is gastric cancer.
A patient has suspected pancreatitis. Which two lab values should be ordered first?
What are serum lipase and amylase.
Patient with variceal bleeding; what medication is used to reduce portal hypertension?
What is Octreotide.
A 28-year-old presents with periumbilical pain that migrates to the RLQ, nausea, and rebound tenderness. What is the most likely diagnosis, and what imaging confirms it?
Acute appendicitis; CT abdomen with contrast