Test & Procedures
Following an upper endoscopy, the doctor’s orders state to advance diet as tolerated. What would be an indication the patient is not ready to proceed with oral intake?
A. Patient complains of sore throat
B. Lack of return of gag reflux
C. Patient complains of nausea
D. Patients states they are not hungry
B. The gag reflux needs to return to prevent aspiration. Pg.1212
The nurse correlated which clinical manifestation to type II hiatal hernia?
A. heartburn
B. GERD
C. Angina
D. Anorexia
C. Clinical manifestations of Type II (rolling type) hernia include chest pain that feels like angina.
What medications would be held if a patient scheduled for a colonoscopy?
A. Antihypertensives
B. Anticonvulsants
C. Anticoagulants
D. Metformin
C. This medication will be held so the patient isn’t at an increased risk of bleeding if biopsies or polyps were removed. Pg. 1212
A patient is scheduled for a barium swallow study tomorrow at 0900. What is important nursing education that should be completed prior to study? (SATA)
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Maintain NPO status for 24 hours before test
C. Don’t be alarmed if your stools are chalky white following the study
D. A mild laxative can be administered if symptoms of constipation arise
E. If the test results are negative the patient will undergo a colonoscopy
A, C, D the patient will need to increase fluids to prevent constipation, chalky white stools are common following this procedure, and laxatives are administered to promote bowel elimination.
True or False: The first 10 inches of the small intestine is called the jejunum?
False: The first 10 inches of the small intestine is called the duodenum. It is the first and shortest segment. Pancreatic enzymes are released here.
The patient presents to the ER with abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, pain, fever, and tachycardia and later diagnosed with a strangulated hernia. The nurse prepares the patient for what?
A. Emergency surgery
B. MRI
C. CT
D. Lower endoscopy
A is correct. The patient may present with symptoms of an intestinal obstruction. This is an emergency, and the patient must be prepared for immediate surgery to prevent gangrene from developing.
A patient presents to the ER after eating at a Mexican restaurant. They state they have burning epigastric pain. What patient history might make the nurse suspect peptic ulcer disease? (SATA)
A. Chronic NSAID and aspirin use
B. Excessive alcohol intake
C. Long term smoker
D. Hypoparathyroidism
E. Crohn’s Disease
A, B, C, and E are all correct answers. Hyperparathyroidism is a common suspect for PUD.
A patient just underwent a Urea Breath Test with a confirmative diagnosis of H. Pylori. What medication would the nurse expect to be prescribed following this diagnosis?
A. Antiemetics
B. NSAIDS
C. Antifungal
D. Proton pump inhibitor
D. A PPI is used in conjunction with antibiotics is recommended to treat for at least 10 days.
A patient is just discharging home following a Nissen Fundoplication, the nurse is preparing discharge instructions on when to seek emergency treatment. What instructions should be included? (SATA)
A. Stools that are black, bloody or tarry
B. Difficulty swallowing
C. Abdomen feels hard and painful
D. Difficulty breathing or feeling light-headed
E. Gauze has scant amount of blood
A, B, C, D are all correct. These are when your patient needs to seek care emergently. Pg. 1226 chart 56.1
True or False: Most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine and the function of the large intestine is fluid and electrolyte reabsorption and elimination.
This statement is true. pg. 1202
A patient with a recent bowel resection calls their physicians office worried that their stoma site is infected. What statement made by the patient would indicate that there is a problem?
A. The patient states that their stoma site is dark red in color with new bleeding
B. Stoma is pink and moist
C. There is odorous drainage coming from site
D. The bag covering the stoma repeatedly fills with gas
A is correct as this is an indication that there is little to no blood flow to the stoma site.
A patient calls the clinic complaining of black tarry stools and coffee ground emesis. The nurse knows that these are indicative of what condition?
A. Type I Hiatal hernia
B. Bowel obstruction
C. Gastrointestinal bleeding
D. Diverticulitis
C. Gastrointestinal bleed
A nurse is caring for a patient with irritable bowel syndrome. What order in the patients MAR what medication order would the nurse question?
A. Tricyclic antidepressant
B. Antidiarrheal
C. Antispasmodic
D. Antibiotics
A, B and C are all correct options. The nurse would want to question the antibiotics as this is not a treatment for IBS.
A patient with chronic alcohol abuse is now experiencing liver failure. The nurse is evaluating labs that were recently drawn. The patient asks what lab values are associated with the a diagnosis of liver failure. What are they? Select all that apply.
A. Elevated ALT and AST
B. Decreased total bilirubin
C. Decreased albumin
D. Decreased ammonia
E. Decreased platelets
A, C, and E are all correct. An increased total bilirubin and an increased ammonia would be seen on laboratory results for a patient experiencing liver failure.
True or False? Crohn’s disease effects only the mucosa and submucosa of the large intestine?
False: Crohn’s can affect any part of the GI tract and it also affects all layers of the bowel.