Digestive General
Where does the first step of the digestive system take place?
Mouth
What is the function of the esophagus?
Transports food from the mouth to the stomach
What are the accessory organs to the gastrointestinal system?
Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder & pancreas
What is the name for a chemical that speeds up a chemical reaction in the body. An example of this is amylase.
Enzyme
What is in saliva that begins the breakdown of carbohydrates?
Amylase
Name the MAIN digestive system organs in the correct order (Hint: 5 organs)
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
What is mechanical digestion?
Breaking down of materials by breaking, tearing, crushing and mashing
If you were to lay them rolled out, which intestine is longer ?
Small
What is jaundice?
a condition produced when excess amounts of bilirubin circulating in the blood stream causing a yellowish appearance of the skin and the whites of the eyes
Fats are primarily digested in the _________ and proteins are primarily digested in the ___________.
small intestine and stomach.
What is the function of the small intestines?
Absorbs all the nutrients and sends it through to the rest of the body.
What is chemical digestion?
The breaking down of food into smaller pieces by chemicals like saliva or enzymes
What is another name for the organs that food travels through in the digestive system?
Alimentary canal?
What are the 3 main regions of the large intestine?
ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon
What is food called when it is broken down into paste?
Chyme
What is the main function of the large intestines?
Absorbs water and compacts the waste
Name 4 functions of the digestive system
Ingestion,
Digestion of Food
Absorption of nutrients & water
Excretion of waste
What prevents aspiration of food by the trachea?
Epiglottis
What is the name of the hormone produced in the pancreas and what is it's main function?
Insulin, lower blood sugar
What causes acid reflux?
The muscle in the valve between the esophagus and stomach becomes weaker and doesn't close properly. Acid splashes up into the esophagus.
Where does mechanical and chemical digestion take place?
Stomach and mouth
What are the structures made up of epithelial cells in the small intestine that absorb nutrients
Villi
What is the squeezing wave like movement of the food in the GI tract called?
Peristalsis
What layer of the intestinal wall contains blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves?
The submucosa
Name 3 components of the small intestine.
Duodenum, Jejunum, ileum