What is the most common cause of acute obstruction of the appendiceal lumen that leads to appendicitis?
100
IV ampicillin plus gentamicin, or a third-generation cephalosporin plus metronidazole or clindamycin
What is the initial treatment for acute cholecystitis
100
This commonly is associated with exposure to infected animals including livestock and contaminated food sources that are improperly cooked.
What is Campylobacter
100
Pain out of proportion to exam in a person with embolic risk factors suggest
What is acute mesenteric ischemia
100
This 37-year-old female patient presents to you with a 3-day history of left-sided crampy abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. She now has a fever of 103° Fahrenheit. She reports having recently finished a course of antibiotics for a skin infection. What diarrhea illness does she have?
What is Clostridium difficile
200
Localized abdominal tenderness
What is the most common finding on physical examination in patients with appendicitis?
200
fever, jaundice, abdominal pain, mental status changes, and hypotension.
What is Reynold's pentad for acute ascending cholangitis.
200
This diarrhea illness is associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
What is Campylobacter
200
This tends to come on about 1 hour after eating. Diarrhea and weight loss are common, as are conditions that predispose to thrombosis (e.g. malignancy).
What is chronic mesenteric ischemia or intestinal angina.
200
This is a 23-year-old woman has had a month of bloody diarrhea and tenesmus. She has also noted tender, erythematous, 4-6 cm nodules on both shins. Which of the following best names this mucocutaneous manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
What is erythema nodosum
300
Ct scan
What is most useful imaging modality to use in evaluating patients with abdominal pain?
300
The most likely organism or species responsible for infection of the gall bladder
What is Klebsiella spp
300
This is s a protozoal intestinal infection that occurs in 3 clinical forms: asymptomatic carrier; acute, self-limited infection; and chronic infection.
What is Giardia lamblia
300
This is the first step of management of acute mesenteric ischemia
What is fluid resuscitation
300
This is the most common etiology of large bowel obstruction?
What is Diverticulitis
400
This group have a perforation rate in appendicitis that approaches 35%.
What are children
400
Charcot's triad
What is fever, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain.
400
Symptoms of this diarrhea illness includes progression to develop aphonia, fatigue, ataxia, and perioral paresthesias.
What is ciguatera fish poisoning
400
This remains the gold standard for the evaluation of mesenteric ischemia.
What is Mesenteric angiography
400
Marginal "thumbprinting" seen on plain abdominal radiographs is characteristic of which disease?
What is Ischemic colitis
500
7% of people get this
What is ifetime occurrence of appendicitis
500
This is seen in young, sexually active females with pelvic inflammatory disease affecting the liver can mimic gall bladder disease.
What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
500
This causes 10-15% of diarrheal illnesses in children but is responsible for the majority of dehydrating gastroenteritis infections. It is also the most common cause for hospitalizations for diarrhea.
What is rotavirus
500
This common lab test is 70-100% sensitive but only 66% specific for acute mesenteric ischemia.
What is actic acid
500
The great majority of swallowed foreign bodies that do not become lodged or impacted will traverse the GI tract in less than __.